-h

• IPA^(key): /-h/

-h

1. Marks the benefactive case: for ...'s benefit
2. Marks the allative case: towards
3. Marks the prolative case: by way of
4. Marks the instrumental case: using; with
5. Marks the adessive case: on; on top of
6. Marks the temporal case: during; on
7. Marks the causal case: because of
8. Marks the estimative case: of about
9. Marks the assertive mood: really
10. (+ én or geytimé) Marks the verbal noun
11. Used after the genitive case of nouns ending on a vowel, before words beginning with a vowel

• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎, Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page 357

• IPA^(key): /-ʔ/

-h

1. Used to form the plural of absolutive noun forms.

Examples:

cōconeh, plural form of conētl (“child”)

māmazah, plural form of mazātl (“deer”)

tēteoh, plural form of teōtl (“god”)

Some nouns pluralized with -h undergo the reduplication of their first or second syllable.

• (used to form the plural of a noun): -meh, -queh, -tin

• see Category:Classical Nahuatl plurals

-h

1. Forms the plural of verbs. Only used for animate subjects.

   titītza (“to stretch something”) → quititītzah (“They stretch it”)

   itta (“to see something”) → quittah (“They see it”)

   tolīnia (“to bother someone, to make suffer”) → ammotolīniah (“You (plrl.) suffer, You are bothered”)

   titītza (“to stretch something”) → motitītzah (“They stretch (themselves)”)

   itta (“to see something”) → tiquittah (“We see it”)

   pāca (“to wash something”) → tlapācah (“They wash something, they wash things”)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /h/

-h

1. Used to mark the possession of the third person; his, her, their

   jalka (“leg”) → jalkah (“his/her leg, their legs”)

• P. M. Zaykov (1999) Грамматика Карельского языка (фонетика и морфология) [Grammar of the Karelian language (phonetics and morphology)], →ISBN, page 47

• IPA^(key): /ħ/

-h m

1. Alternative form of -u (“him, it”), used after a vowel

   ‎qatlu (“they killed”) + ‎-h → ‎qatluh (“they killed him”)

• hu, huwa