-ㅂ네다

• IPA^(key): /mne̞da̠/

—ㅂ네다 (-mneda)

1. a formal declarative suffix
   • 1989, 고학명 [gohangmyeong], “무덤가래질소리 [mudeomgaraejilsori]”, in MBC 한국민요대전 음반자료 사이트 [MBC han'gungminyodaejeon eumbanjaryo saiteu]‎, 북제주군 애월읍 납읍리 (현 제주시 애월읍 납읍리) [bukjejugun aeworeup nabeumni (hyeon jejusi aeworeup nabeumni)]:

     일락서산에 해는도 일모가 뒙네다.

     Illakseosan-e hae-neun-do ilmo-ga dwemneda.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

• 읍네다 (-eumneda) (after a consonant)
• ㅂ네까 (-mnekka), 읍네까 (-eumnekka)
• ㅂ데다 (-pdeda), 읍데다 (-eupdeda)

ㅂ네다 • (-mneda)

1. (Pyongan, Northern Hwanghae, areas of Hamgyong) Post-vowel or post-liquid allomorphic form of 습네다 (-seumneda, formal polite declarative suffix)

   Synonym: ㅂ니다 (-mnida)

   • 2018 September, 혜선 [hyeseon], “혜산 장마당 혜선씨의 하루...한달 벌이 500위안 [hyesan jangmadang hyeseonssiui haru...handal beori 500wian]”, in 중앙일보 [jung'ang'ilbo]‎, 평안남도 평성시 [pyeong'annamdo pyeongseongsi]:

     관리소에선 수리비를 받으러도 옵네다.

     Gwalliso'eseon suribi-reul badeureodo omneda.

     At the political camps they'd come to receive the cost for repairs.

While some North Korean defectors claim that this is an exaggerated or even a made-up form, this is probably because the majority of defectors come from northern areas of the Korean peninsula, and are speakers of Yukjin or Northern Hamgyong variants, which instead use the 으꾸마 (-eukkuma), 습꾸마 (-seupkkuma) or 슴다 (-seumda) forms. Among defectors from Pyongan speaking areas, some appear to consider this form old fashioned or quaint.