𐤈𐤓𐤍

Philistine

Etymology

Uncertain. R. D. Barnett speculated the Philistine term might be Indo-European and related to Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš) / [script needed] (tarawanaš)[1] or Ancient Greek τῠ́ραννος (túrannos), itself probably a loan from Asia Minor (see entry).[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Compare Hebrew ⁧סֶרֶן⁩ (séren), Classical Syriac ⁧ܛܘܪܢܐ⁩ (ṭurrān[ā], “tyrannical act”).

Noun

⁧𐤈𐤓𐤍⁩ (ṭrn)

  1. lord, prince, ruler or tyrant
    • Ashkelon 1.3, An Ostracon Recording an Assignment of Flax or Linen (reg. no. 41095; Grid 50, Square 48, Layer 405, Finegrid 17, Bucket 446), 604 BC or earlier:[10]
      ⁧𐤐𐤔𐤕𐤌 𐤟 𐤈𐤓𐤍 𐤟 𐤁𐤕 𐤟 𐤌⁩
      Flax (or linen): the tyrant of Bet M[ ]

References
  1. Nancy K. Sandars, The Sea Peoples: Warriors of the Ancient Mediterranean, 1250–1150 BC, Thames and Hudson, 1978
  2. Barnett, "The Sea Peoples", section IV, "The Philistines", New Cambridge Ancient History page 17, critically remarked upon in Michael C. Astour's review article in Journal of the American Oriental Society, 92:3 (July – September 1972:457f)
  3. See also W. F. Albright in the New Cambridge Ancient History, vol. I, part I, p. 25, note 3.
  4. Helck, Ein sprachliches Indiz für die Herkunft der Philister, in Beiträge zur Namenforschung 21, 1983, p. 31.
  5. Meriggi, P. "Schizzo della delineazione nominale dell'eteo geroglifico (Continuazione e fine)", in Archivio Glottologico Italiano, 38, 1953. pp. 36-57.
  6. Chantraine, Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque. Histoire des mots, vol. 4.1, 1968, p. 1146.
  7. Gusmani 1969: R. Gusmani, Isoglossi lessicali Greco-Ittite, in Studi linguistici in onore di Vittore Pisani, Brescia 1969, Vol. 1, p. 511-12.
  8. Cornil, P. "Une étymologie étrusco-hittite", Atti del II Congresso Internazionale de Hittitologia, Pavía, 1995, p. 84-85.
  9. Rabin, C. "Hittite Words in Hebrew", Or NS 32, 1963, pp. 113-39.
  10. Cross, F. M. 2008. "Inscriptions in Phoenician and Other Scripts." In Ashkelon I: Introduction and Overview (1985–2006), ed. L. E. Stager, J. D. Schloen, and D. M. Master, p. 339. Final Reports of the Leon Levy Expedition to Ashkelon 1; Harvard Semitic Museum Publications. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns.
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