πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Alternative forms

Etymology

From *πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πƒ (*swΔ“gns) +β€Ž -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan). Closely related to Old English swΔ“Δ‘an and to Proto-Germanic *swōganΔ… (β€œto resound”), which is attested in Gothic in various affixed forms such as πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ…π‰πŒ²πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ (gaswōgjan).

Verb

πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (swΔ“gnjan)

  1. to exult, triumph

Conjugation

A variant form with short vowel -i- instead of -Δ“- is attested in the infinitive and in the inflected form πƒπ…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ (swignjaiΓΎ). Furthermore, a variant form πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ³ (swΔ“gneid) is attested.

Class 1 weak
Infinitive πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½
swΔ“gnjan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°
swΔ“gnja		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnida		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnjada
2nd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
swΔ“gneis		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
swΔ“gnidΔ“s		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
swΔ“gnjaza
3rd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
swΔ“gneiΓΎ		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnida		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnjada
1st dual πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπ‰πƒ
swΔ“gnjōs		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
swΔ“gnidΔ“du		 β€”
2nd dual πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
swΔ“gnjats		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
swΔ“gnidΔ“duts		 β€”
1st plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ
swΔ“gnjam		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
swΔ“gnidΔ“dum		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnjanda
2nd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
swΔ“gneiΓΎ		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
swΔ“gnidΔ“duΓΎ		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnjanda
3rd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
swΔ“gnjand		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
swΔ“gnidΔ“dun		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnjanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjau		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnidΔ“djau		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaidau
2nd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
swΔ“gnjais		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
swΔ“gnidΔ“deis		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaizau
3rd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ
swΔ“gnjai		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
swΔ“gnidΔ“di		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaidau
1st dual πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
swΔ“gnjaiwa		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
swΔ“gnidΔ“deiwa		 β€”
2nd dual πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
swΔ“gnjaits		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
swΔ“gnidΔ“deits		 β€”
1st plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
swΔ“gnjaima		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
swΔ“gnidΔ“deima		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaindau
2nd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
swΔ“gnjaiΓΎ		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
swΔ“gnidΔ“deiΓΎ		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaindau
3rd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
swΔ“gnjaina		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
swΔ“gnidΔ“deina		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉ
swΔ“gnei
3rd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjadau
2nd dual πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
swΔ“gnjats
2nd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
swΔ“gneiΓΎ
3rd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjandau
Present Past
Participles πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
swΔ“gnjands		 πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒΈπƒ
swΔ“gniΓΎs
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