πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hramjanΔ… (β€œto put into a frame”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈhramjan/

Verb

πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (hramjan)

  1. to crucify

Conjugation
Class 1 weak
Infinitive πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½
hramjan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°
hramja		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
hramida		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
hramjada
2nd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπƒ
hramjis		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
hramidΔ“s		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
hramjaza
3rd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
hramjiΓΎ		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
hramida		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
hramjada
1st dual πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπ‰πƒ
hramjōs		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
hramidΔ“du		 β€”
2nd dual πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
hramjats		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
hramidΔ“duts		 β€”
1st plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ
hramjam		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
hramidΔ“dum		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
hramjanda
2nd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
hramjiΓΎ		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
hramidΔ“duΓΎ		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
hramjanda
3rd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
hramjand		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
hramidΔ“dun		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
hramjanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
hramjau		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
hramidΔ“djau		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaidau
2nd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
hramjais		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
hramidΔ“deis		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaizau
3rd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ
hramjai		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
hramidΔ“di		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaidau
1st dual πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
hramjaiwa		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
hramidΔ“deiwa		 β€”
2nd dual πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
hramjaits		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
hramidΔ“deits		 β€”
1st plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
hramjaima		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
hramidΔ“deima		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaindau
2nd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
hramjaiΓΎ		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
hramidΔ“deiΓΎ		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaindau
3rd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
hramjaina		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
hramidΔ“deina		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒΉ
hramei
3rd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjadau
2nd dual πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
hramjats
2nd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
hramjiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjandau
Present Past
Participles πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
hramjands		 πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒΈπƒ
hramiΓΎs

Derived terms

Descendants
  • β†’β‡’? Medieval Latin: adchramiō, adchrammiō, adframiō (β€œto vow, swear, assure”) (alterantively from Frankish *hrammjan)

Further reading
  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 60
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