부족하다
Korean
Etymology
부족(不足) (bujok) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pud͡ʑo̞kʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [부조카다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | bujokhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | bujoghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | pujokhada |
| Yale Romanization? | pucok.hata |
Adjective
부족하다 • (bujokhada) (infinitive 부족해 or 부족하여, sequential 부족하니)
- to be insufficient; to be not enough
- Synonym: 모자라다 (mojarada)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 부족하다 (bujokhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 부족하다 bujokhada |
부족해 bujokhae |
부족해요 bujokhaeyo |
부족합니다 bujokhamnida |
| Past | 부족했다 bujokhaetda |
부족했어 bujokhaesseo |
부족했어요 bujokhaesseoyo |
부족했습니다 bujokhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 부족하냐 bujokhanya |
부족해 bujokhae |
부족해요 bujokhaeyo |
부족합니까 bujokhamnikka |
| Past | 부족했냐 bujokhaennya |
부족했어 bujokhaesseo |
부족했어요 bujokhaesseoyo |
부족했습니까 bujokhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 부족하겠다 bujokhagetda | 부족하겠어 bujokhagesseo | 부족하겠어요 bujokhagesseoyo | 부족하겠습니다 bujokhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 부족해 bujokhae | 부족해서, 부족하여서 bujokhaeseo, bujokhayeoseo | 부족하니 bujokhani | 부족하니까 bujokhanikka | |
| Contrast | 부족하지만 bujokhajiman | 부족한데 bujokhande | 부족하더니 bujokhadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 부족하고 bujokhago | ||||
| Condition | 부족하면 bujokhamyeon | 부족해야, 부족하여야 bujokhaeya, bujokhayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 부족함 bujokham | 부족하기 bujokhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 부족했음, 부족하였음 bujokhaesseum, bujokhayeosseum | 부족했기, 부족하였기 bujokhaetgi, bujokhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 부족한 bujokhan | |||
| Future | 부족할 bujokhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 부족하시다 bujokhasida |
부족하셔 bujokhasyeo |
부족하세요, 부족하셔요 bujokhaseyo, bujokhasyeoyo |
부족하십니다 bujokhasimnida |
| Past | 부족하셨다 bujokhasyeotda |
부족하셨어 bujokhasyeosseo |
부족하셨어요 bujokhasyeosseoyo |
부족하셨습니다 bujokhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 부족하시냐 bujokhasinya |
부족하셔 bujokhasyeo |
부족하세요, 부족하셔요 bujokhaseyo, bujokhasyeoyo |
부족하십니까 bujokhasimnikka |
| Past | 부족하셨냐 bujokhasyeonnya |
부족하셨어 bujokhasyeosseo |
부족하셨어요 bujokhasyeosseoyo |
부족하셨습니까 bujokhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 부족하시겠다 bujokhasigetda | 부족하시겠어 bujokhasigesseo | 부족하시겠어요 bujokhasigesseoyo | 부족하시겠습니다 bujokhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 부족하셔 bujokhasyeo | 부족하셔서 bujokhasyeoseo | 부족하시니 bujokhasini | 부족하시니까 bujokhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 부족하시지만 bujokhasijiman | 부족하신데 bujokhasinde | 부족하시더니 bujokhasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 부족하시고 bujokhasigo | ||||
| Condition | 부족하시면 bujokhasimyeon | 부족하셔야 bujokhasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 부족하심 bujokhasim | 부족하시기 bujokhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 부족하셨음 bujokhasyeosseum | 부족하셨기 bujokhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 부족하신 bujokhasin | |||
| Future | 부족하실 bujokhasil | ||||
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