똑똑하다
Korean
Etymology
똑똑 (ttokttok) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͈o̞k̚t͈o̞kʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [똑또카다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | ttokttokhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ttogttoghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ttokttokhada |
| Yale Romanization? | ttokttok.hata |
Adjective
똑똑하다 • (ttokttokhada) (infinitive 똑똑해 or 똑똑하여, sequential 똑똑하니)
- (to be) smart, clever, intelligent
- Synonym: 영리(怜悧)하다 (yeongnihada)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 똑똑하다 (ttokttokhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 똑똑하다 ttokttokhada |
똑똑해 ttokttokhae |
똑똑해요 ttokttokhaeyo |
똑똑합니다 ttokttokhamnida |
| Past | 똑똑했다 ttokttokhaetda |
똑똑했어 ttokttokhaesseo |
똑똑했어요 ttokttokhaesseoyo |
똑똑했습니다 ttokttokhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 똑똑하냐 ttokttokhanya |
똑똑해 ttokttokhae |
똑똑해요 ttokttokhaeyo |
똑똑합니까 ttokttokhamnikka |
| Past | 똑똑했냐 ttokttokhaennya |
똑똑했어 ttokttokhaesseo |
똑똑했어요 ttokttokhaesseoyo |
똑똑했습니까 ttokttokhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 똑똑하겠다 ttokttokhagetda | 똑똑하겠어 ttokttokhagesseo | 똑똑하겠어요 ttokttokhagesseoyo | 똑똑하겠습니다 ttokttokhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 똑똑해 ttokttokhae | 똑똑해서, 똑똑하여서 ttokttokhaeseo, ttokttokhayeoseo | 똑똑하니 ttokttokhani | 똑똑하니까 ttokttokhanikka | |
| Contrast | 똑똑하지만 ttokttokhajiman | 똑똑한데 ttokttokhande | 똑똑하더니 ttokttokhadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 똑똑하고 ttokttokhago | ||||
| Condition | 똑똑하면 ttokttokhamyeon | 똑똑해야, 똑똑하여야 ttokttokhaeya, ttokttokhayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 똑똑함 ttokttokham | 똑똑하기 ttokttokhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 똑똑했음, 똑똑하였음 ttokttokhaesseum, ttokttokhayeosseum | 똑똑했기, 똑똑하였기 ttokttokhaetgi, ttokttokhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 똑똑한 ttokttokhan | |||
| Future | 똑똑할 ttokttokhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 똑똑하시다 ttokttokhasida |
똑똑하셔 ttokttokhasyeo |
똑똑하세요, 똑똑하셔요 ttokttokhaseyo, ttokttokhasyeoyo |
똑똑하십니다 ttokttokhasimnida |
| Past | 똑똑하셨다 ttokttokhasyeotda |
똑똑하셨어 ttokttokhasyeosseo |
똑똑하셨어요 ttokttokhasyeosseoyo |
똑똑하셨습니다 ttokttokhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 똑똑하시냐 ttokttokhasinya |
똑똑하셔 ttokttokhasyeo |
똑똑하세요, 똑똑하셔요 ttokttokhaseyo, ttokttokhasyeoyo |
똑똑하십니까 ttokttokhasimnikka |
| Past | 똑똑하셨냐 ttokttokhasyeonnya |
똑똑하셨어 ttokttokhasyeosseo |
똑똑하셨어요 ttokttokhasyeosseoyo |
똑똑하셨습니까 ttokttokhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 똑똑하시겠다 ttokttokhasigetda | 똑똑하시겠어 ttokttokhasigesseo | 똑똑하시겠어요 ttokttokhasigesseoyo | 똑똑하시겠습니다 ttokttokhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 똑똑하셔 ttokttokhasyeo | 똑똑하셔서 ttokttokhasyeoseo | 똑똑하시니 ttokttokhasini | 똑똑하시니까 ttokttokhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 똑똑하시지만 ttokttokhasijiman | 똑똑하신데 ttokttokhasinde | 똑똑하시더니 ttokttokhasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 똑똑하시고 ttokttokhasigo | ||||
| Condition | 똑똑하시면 ttokttokhasimyeon | 똑똑하셔야 ttokttokhasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 똑똑하심 ttokttokhasim | 똑똑하시기 ttokttokhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 똑똑하셨음 ttokttokhasyeosseum | 똑똑하셨기 ttokttokhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 똑똑하신 ttokttokhasin | |||
| Future | 똑똑하실 ttokttokhasil | ||||
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