鮪

See also: 鲔
鮪 U+9BAA, 鮪
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BAA
← 鮩
[U+9BA9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鮫 →
[U+9BAB]

Translingual

Han character

鮪 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+6, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓火大月 (NFKB), four-corner 24327, composition ⿰魚有)

  1. kind of sturgeon,

Derived characters
  • 𤃽

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1469, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46126
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2002, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4685, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+9BAA

Chinese
trad. 鮪
simp. 鲔

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (又) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
絠 *kɯːʔ
醢 *qʰɯːʔ
珛 *qʰʷɯs
栯 *ɢʷɯʔ, *qʷɯ
有 *ɢʷɯʔ
友 *ɢʷɯʔ
右 *ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs
宥 *ɢʷɯs
囿 *ɢʷɯs, *ɡʷɯ
侑 *ɢʷɯs
酭 *ɢʷɯs
姷 *ɢʷɯs
又 *ɢʷɯs
佑 *ɢʷɯs
祐 *ɢʷɯs
賄 *qʰʷɯːʔ
蛕 *qʰʷɯːʔ, *ɡʷɯː
烠 *ɡʷɯː
倄 *ɢraːw, *ɢʷɯːʔ
鮪 *ɢʷɯʔ
洧 *ɢʷɯʔ
痏 *ɢʷɯʔ
郁 *qʷɯ
戫 *qʷɯ
哊 *ɡʷɯ

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 鮪
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 脂 (18)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 榮美切
Baxter hwijX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠiuɪX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦʷᵚiX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣiuɪX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦjwiX/
Li
Rong		 /ɣjuiX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣwiX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /wiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 wěi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 wai5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鮪
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 wěi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwijX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɢ]ʷrəʔ/
English sturgeon

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鮪
Reading # 1/1
No. 15612
Phonetic
component		 又
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 洧
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢʷɯʔ/

Definitions

鮪

  1. Chinese paddlefish or Chinese swordfish; Psephurus gladius
    Synonym: 鱘／鲟 (xún)
  2. tuna

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 鮪魚 (“tuna”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 鮪, 鮪魚, 金槍魚
Mandarin Taiwan 鮪魚
Cantonese Guangzhou 吞那魚, 青干
Hong Kong 吞拿魚
Macau 吞拿魚, 亞冬魚
Hakka Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 串仔
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 串仔
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 刀鯧
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 串仔
Southern Min Taipei (Wanhua) 串仔魚
New Taipei (Tamsui) 串仔
Kaohsiung 串仔
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 串仔
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 串仔
Yilan 串仔魚
Changhua (Lukang) 串仔
Taichung 串仔
Taichung (Wuqi) 串仔魚
Tainan 串仔魚, 串仔
Tainan (Anping) 串仔
Taitung 串仔
Hsinchu 串仔魚
Penghu (Magong) 串仔
Penghu (Xiyu) 串仔

Compounds
  • 叔鮪／叔鲔
  • 王鮪／王鲔
  • 白卜鮪／白卜鲔
  • 魚鮪／鱼鲔
  • 鮪釣／鲔钓
  • 鮪魚／鲔鱼 (wěiyú)
  • 鮪魚肚／鲔鱼肚
  • 鮛鮪／𱇨鲔

Japanese

Kanji
鮪

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. tuna

Readings

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
鮪
まぐろ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Possible compounds include:

  • 目 (ma, “eye, bound form”) +‎ 黒 (kuro, “black”), in reference to their eye color.[1][2]
  • 真 (ma, “true”) +‎ 黒 (kuro, “black”), in reference to the color of their back.[1][2]

The kuro changes to guro as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

Noun

鮪(まぐろ) or 鮪(マグロ) • (maguro) 

  1. a tuna (fish of the genus Thunnus)
    • マンガで分かるLisp (The Manga Guide to Lisp)
      みりん。地(ち)域(いき)猫(ねこ)。最(さい)近(きん)までマクロのことをマグロと思(おも)っていた。
      Mirin. Chīkineko. Saikin made makuro no koto o maguro to omotteita.
      Mirin: A neighbour cat. Until recently often confused macros with tuna [maguro].
    Hypernym: 鯖 (saba)
  2. (colloquial) Short for 黒鮪 (kuromaguro): a Pacific bluefin tuna, Thunnus orientalis
  3. (slang) a dead fish (a sexual partner who lies flat during sex)
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as マグロ.

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 鮪(まぐ)茶(ちゃ) (magucha)
  • 磯(イソ)鮪(マグロ) (isomaguro)
  • インド鮪(まぐろ) (Indo maguro)
  • 梶(カジ)木(キ)鮪(マグロ), 旗魚(カジキ)鮪(マグロ) (kajiki maguro)
  • 黄(キ)肌(ハダ)鮪(マグロ) (kihada maguro), 黄(き)肌(わだ)鮪(まぐろ) (kiwada maguro)
  • 黒(クロ)鮪(マグロ) (kuromaguro)
  • 五島(ごとう)鮪(まぐろ) (Gotō maguro)
  • 塩(しお)鮪(まぐろ) (shiomaguro)
  • 畜(ちく)養(よう)鮪(まぐろ) (chikuyō maguro)
  • 葱(ねぎ)鮪(ま) (negima)
  • 畑(ハタ)鮪(マグロ) (hatamaguro)
  • 鬢(びん)長(なが)鮪(まぐろ) (binnaga maguro)
  • 本(ほん)鮪(まぐろ) (honmaguro)
  • 南(ミナミ)鮪(マグロ) (minami maguro)
  • めじ鮪(まぐろ) (mejimaguro)
Idioms
  • 鮪(まぐろ)を抱(だ)いて寝(ね)たよう (maguro o daite netayō)
See also

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
鮪
しび
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

⟨sibi1⟩ → */sibʲi/ → /ɕibi/

From Old Japanese.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

鮪(しび) • (shibi) 

  1. (obsolete) a tuna
    Synonym: めじ (meji)
    • 711–712, Kojiki, poem 110:
      意布袁余志(おふをよし)斯毘(しび)都久阿麻余(つくあまよ)斯賀阿禮婆(しがあれば)宇良胡本斯祁牟(うらこほしけむ)斯毘(しび)都久志毘(つくしび) [Man'yōgana]
      大(おふ)魚(を)よししび突(つ)く海人(あま)よ其(し)が離(あ)ればうら恋(ご)ほしけむしび突(つ)く志(し)毘(び) [Modern spelling]
      ouo yoshi shibi tsuku ama yo shi ga areba uragōshikemu shibi tsuku Shibi
      (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms
  • 鮪(しび)節(ぶし) (shibibushi)
  • 糸(いと)鮪(しび) (itoshibi)
  • 蜻(トン)蛉(ボ)鮪(シビ) (tonboshibi)
See also

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
鮪
Hyōgaiji
irregular

Appears in the Wakan Sansai Zue (1712).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

鮪(はつ) • (hatsu) 

  1. (obsolete) a tuna
Derived terms
  • 鮪(はつ)の身(み) (hatsu no mi)

References
  1. Martin, Samuel E. (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN
  2. マグロ／鮪／まぐろ - Gogen Yurai Jiten (in Japanese)
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean
Relative sizes

Hanja

鮪 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)

  1. (다랑어) tuna, tunny

See also
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