See also:
U+978B, 鞋
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-978B

[U+978A]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+978C]

Translingual

Stroke order
15 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 177, +6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿十土土 (TJGG), four-corner 44514, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1387, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42813
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1902, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4333, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+978B

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː) : semantic (leather) + phonetic (OC *kʷeː) – leather shoes. Originally written as .

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
2nd round simp. 𰆻
alternative forms
𩋘
𩋔
𩋧

Pronunciation


Note:
  • ê/ôe/êre - vernacular;
  • hâi - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ɕiɛ³⁵/
Harbin /ɕiɛ²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕie⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕiɛ⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕiɛ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕiɛ⁴²/
Xi'an /xai²⁴/
Xining /xɛ²⁴/
Yinchuan /xɛ⁵³/
/ɕie⁵³/
Lanzhou /xɛ⁵³/
Ürümqi /xai⁵¹/
Wuhan /xai²¹³/
Chengdu /xai³¹/
Guiyang /xai²¹/
Kunming /xæ³¹/
Nanjing /ɕiɛ²⁴/
Hefei /ɕie̞⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xai¹¹/
/ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /xæ¹³/
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/ 皮~
/xɛ³¹/ 靸~
Wu Shanghai /ɦa²³/
Suzhou /ɦɑ¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦie̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /ɦa³¹/
Hui Shexian /xa⁴⁴/
Tunxi /xa⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /xai¹³/
Xiangtan /ɦai¹²/
Gan Nanchang /hai²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /hai¹¹/
Taoyuan /hɑi¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hai²¹/
Nanning /hai²¹/
Hong Kong /hai²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hai³⁵/
/ue³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ɛ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ai²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /oi⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ɔi³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (33) (33)
Final () (31) (33)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () II II
Fanqie
Baxter hea heaj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠɛ/ /ɦˠɛi/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦᵚæ/ /ɦᵚæi/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣæi/ /ɣɐi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦaɨj/ /ɦəɨj/
Li
Rong
/ɣɛ/ /ɣɛi/
Wang
Li
/ɣai/ /ɣɐi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣai/ /ɣăi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiá xié
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
haai4 haai4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xié
Middle
Chinese
‹  ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɡ]ˁre/ (no pre-Qín exx.)
English shoe

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 4528 4534 4541
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡreː/ /*ɡreː/ /*ɡreː/
Notes

Definitions

  1. shoe; footwear (Classifier: m mn;  c; )
       yī shuāng xié   a pair of shoes
    穿我們出去晚飯 [MSC, trad.]
    穿我们出去晚饭 [MSC, simp.]
    Chuān shàng nǐ de xié, wǒmen chūqù chī wǎnfàn. [Pinyin]
    Put on your shoes. Let's go out for dinner.
    這裡必須 [MSC, trad.]
    这里必须 [MSC, simp.]
    Zài zhèlǐ wǒ bìxū tuō xié ma? [Pinyin]
    Do I have to take off my shoes here?
Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

  • Zhuang: haiz

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“rough; coarse; sigh; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

References

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. shoes; shoe; footwear

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
くつ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [kùtsúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1][2]
  • IPA(key): [kɯ̟̊ᵝt͡sɨᵝ]

Noun

(くつ) • (kutsu) 

  1. Alternative spelling of (piece of footwear)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
わらじ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) らじ [wàrájí] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ɰᵝa̠ɾa̠ʑi]

Noun

(わらじ) • (waraji) わらぢ (waradi)?

  1. Rare spelling of 草鞋 (straw sandal).

References

  1. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource • (hye) (hangeul )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: hài, giày

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.