郊外

Chinese

		suburb	outside; in addition; foreign outside; in addition; foreign; external
trad. (郊外)		郊	外
simp. ^#(郊外)		郊	外

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiāowài

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠㄨㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau¹ ngoi⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kau-gōa

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāowài
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠㄨㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiaowài
  - Wade–Giles: chiao¹-wai⁴
  - Yale: jyāu-wài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiauway
  - Palladius: цзяовай (czjaovaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaau¹ ngoi⁶
  - Yale: gāau ngoih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaau¹ ngoi⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: gao¹ ngoi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːu̯⁵⁵ ŋɔːi̯²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau-gōa
  - Tâi-lô: kau-guā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kau'goa
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² ɡua²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³ ɡua⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² ɡua²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡua³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡua³³/

Middle Chinese: kaew ngwajH

Rime
Character	郊	外
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)	泰 (26)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	古肴切	五會切
Baxter	kaew	ngwajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠau/	/ŋuɑi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚau/	/ŋʷɑi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kau/	/ŋuɑi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨw/	/ŋwaj^H/
Li Rong	/kau/	/ŋuɑi^H/
Wang Li	/kau/	/ŋuɑi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kau/	/ŋuɑi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiāo	wèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaau¹	ngoi⁶

Noun

郊外

the outskirts of a city; the suburbs

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (郊外):

→ Japanese: 郊(こう)外(がい) (kōgai)
→ Korean: 교외(郊外) (gyooe)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
郊	外
こう Grade: S	がい Grade: 2
kan’on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こーがい [kóꜜògàì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2][3]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːɡa̠i]

Noun

郊(こう)外(がい) • (kōgai) ^{←かうぐわい (kaugwai)^?}

suburb; outskirts

Synonyms

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
郊	外

Noun

郊外 • (gyooe) (hangeul 교외)

Hanja form^? of 교외 (“suburb; outskirts”).

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