要る

Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Derived from () (iru, to enter).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "要る"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
要る [ìrú]
Imperative (命令形) - - -
Key constructions
Passive 要られる られる [ìrárérú]
Causative 要らせる らせる [ìrásérú]
Potential - - -
Volitional 要ろう [ìróꜜò]
Negative 要らない らない [ìránáí]
Negative perfective 要らなかった らなかった [ìránáꜜkàttà]
Formal 要ります りま [ìrímáꜜsù]
Perfective 要った った [ìttá]
Conjunctive 要って って [ìtté]
Hypothetical conditional 要れば [ìréꜜbà]

Verb

() • (iru) intransitive godan (stem () (iri), past ()った (itta))

  1. to be necessary, to need
    (かね)()ります? — いいえ()りません
    Okane ga irimasu ka? — Īe, irimasen.
    Do you need money? — No, I don't need money.
    この(ほん)()ります
    Kono hon wa irimasu ka?
    Do you need this book?

Usage notes

Usually spelled in hiragana, with the kanji being used for formal contexts. The past form is falling out of use.[4]

Conjugation

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  4. 「お金がいった」は、おかしい?, NHK, 2017
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