菑

See also: 葘

菑	U+83D1, 菑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83D1

← 菐
[U+83D0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

菒 →
[U+83D2]

Translingual

Han character

菑 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿女女田 (TVVW), four-corner 4460₂, composition ⿱艹甾)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1037, character 24

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31166

Dae Jaweon: page 1496, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3242, character 18

Unihan data for U+83D1

Chinese

simp. and trad.		菑
alternative forms		甾䎩葘𱰭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (甾) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
輜	ʔsrɯ, sʰrɯ
淄	*ʔsrɯ
錙	*ʔsrɯ
緇	*ʔsrɯ
甾	*ʔsrɯ
菑	ʔsrɯ, ʔsɯː, *ʔsɯː
鶅	ʔsrɯ, ʔsrɯs
椔	ʔsrɯ, ʔsrɯs
鯔	*ʔsrɯ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrɯ, *ʔsɯː, *ʔsɯː) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 甾 (OC *ʔsrɯ).

Etymology

菑 (OC *tsrə) is r-causative of 災 (OC *tsə̂) (Schuessler, 2007), both ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsa-t ~ dza-t (“hot, fever, hurt, ill, temper”) (STEDT)

Possibly same word as 緇 (OC *tsrə) "black < color of burnt soil?" (Schuessler, 2007)

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zī (zi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄗ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zī
  - Zhuyin: ㄗ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zih
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ¹
  - Yale: dz̄
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzy
  - Palladius: цзы (czy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi¹
  - Yale: jī
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː⁵⁵/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsrɯ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菑
Reading #	1/3
No.	17825
Phonetic component	甾
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	葘
Old Chinese	/*ʔsrɯ/

Definitions

菑

one-year-old cropfield
- 田一歲曰菑。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  田一岁曰菑。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Erya, 5^th – 2^nd century BCE
  Tián yī suì yuē zī. [Pinyin]
  A one-year-old cropfield is called “菑”.
Alternative form of 淄 (zī, “Zi River, a river in Shandong province”)
a surname

Compounds

菑畬

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zāi (zai¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄞ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoi¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zāi
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄞ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zai
  - Wade–Giles: tsai¹
  - Yale: dzāi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzai
  - Palladius: цзай (czaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoi¹
  - Yale: jōi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zoi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菑	菑
Reading #	2/3	3/3
No.	17832	17833
Phonetic component	甾	甾
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	烖	烖
Old Chinese	/*ʔsɯː/	/*ʔsɯː/
Notes	同𡿧注中或體	同烖災

Definitions

菑

variant of 災／灾 (zāi) (“calamity”)

Japanese

Kanji

菑

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

to weed grass
land under cultivation

Readings

On (unclassified): し (shi); さい (sai)

Kun: あれち (arechi)

Korean

Hanja

菑 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)

to weed grass
land which has been under cultivation for one year

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