花旗

Chinese

	flower; blossom; to spend flower; blossom; to spend; fancy pattern	banner; flag
trad. (花旗)	花	旗
simp. ^#(花旗)	花	旗
Literally: “variegated flag; particolored flag (Star-Spangled Banner)”.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Huāqí

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄚㄑㄧˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): faa¹ kei⁴, faa¹ kei^4-2

(Taishan, Wiktionary): fa¹ kei^3*
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Hoe-kî / Hoa-kî
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹ho-ji

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Huāqí
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄚㄑㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Huací
  - Wade–Giles: Hua¹-chʻi²
  - Yale: Hwā-chí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Huachyi
  - Palladius: Хуаци (Xuaci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: faa¹ kei⁴, faa¹ kei^4-2
  - Yale: fā kèih, fā kéi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faa¹ kei⁴, faa¹ kei^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: fa¹ kéi⁴, fa¹ kéi^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faː⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/, /faː⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fa¹ kei^3*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fa³³ kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hoe-kî
  - Tâi-lô: Hue-kî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoe'kii
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hue⁴⁴⁻²² ki²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hue⁴⁴⁻³³ ki²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue⁴⁴⁻³³ ki²³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /hue³³ ki²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hoa-kî
  - Tâi-lô: Hua-kî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoa'kii
  - IPA (Taipei): /hua⁴⁴⁻³³ ki²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hua⁴⁴⁻³³ ki²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hua⁴⁴⁻²² ki¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹ho-ji
  - MiniDict: ho^平 ji
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ho-jji
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ho⁵⁵ d͡ʑi²¹/

Proper noun

花旗

Star-Spangled Banner; Stars and Stripes (American flag)
(dated or dialectal) United States (a country in North America) [from 1820]

Synonyms

(flag): 星條旗／星条旗 (Xīngtiáoqí)
(USA):

米國／米国 (Mǐguó) (Internet slang, often humorous)
美利堅／美利坚 (Měilìjiān) (dated)
美利堅合眾國／美利坚合众国 (Měilìjiān hézhòngguó)
美國／美国 (Měiguó)
美帝 (měidì) (colloquial, slang, often derogatory)
花旗國／花旗国 (Huāqíguó) (obsolete)
金山 (gam¹ saan¹) (Cantonese, dated)

Dialectal synonyms of 美國 (“United States”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		美利堅合眾國, 美國
Mandarin	Taiwan	美國
Mandarin	Singapore	美國
Cantonese	Guangzhou	美國, 金山 dated
	Hong Kong	美國, 花旗國 dated
	Taishan	美國, 花旗, 金山
	Kaiping (Chikan)	金山
	Singapore (Guangfu)	美國
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	美國, 米國, 亞美利加
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	米國, 亞美利加
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	美國, 米國, 亞美利加
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	美國, 米國, 亞美利加
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	美國, 米國, 亞美利加
Southern Min	Xiamen	美國
	Quanzhou	美國
	Jinjiang	花旗
	Zhangzhou	美國
	Tainan	美國
	Penang (Hokkien)	美國
	Singapore (Hokkien)	美國
	Manila (Hokkien)	美國, 花旗
	Singapore (Teochew)	美國
Wu	Shanghai	美國, 花旗

Derived terms

花旗仔
花旗佬
花旗參／花旗参 (huāqíshēn)
花旗國／花旗国 (Huāqíguó)
花旗裝／花旗装 (huāqízhuāng)
花旗銀行／花旗银行 (Huāqí Yínháng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (花旗):

→ Vietnamese: Hoa Kì (花旗), Hoa Kỳ (花旗)

References

小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “花旗”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
花	旗

Proper noun

花旗

chữ Hán form of Hoa Kỳ (“United States, United States of America”).

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