自強不息

See also: 自强不息

Chinese

		to strive for self-improvement; fastest class of non-high-speed intercity trains	to not stop; to be ceaseless
trad. (自強不息)		自強	不息
simp. (自强不息)		自强	不息

Etymology

From I Ching, Hexagram 1 (《易經·乾卦》):

天行健，君子以自強不息。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]

天行健，君子以自强不息。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: I Ching, 11^th – 8^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Tiān xíng jiàn, jūnzǐ yǐ zìqiáng bùxī. [Pinyin]

Heaven, in its motion, (gives the idea of) strength. The superior man, in accordance with this, nerves himself to ceaseless activity.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zìqiángbùxī, zìqiángbùxí

(Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄒㄧ, ㄗˋ ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄒㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ koeng⁴ bat¹ sik¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chīr-kiông-put-siak / chū-kiông-put-sek / chū-kiâng-put-sek

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zìqiángbùxī
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zìhciángbùsi
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-chʻiang²-pu⁴-hsi¹
  - Yale: dz̀-chyáng-bù-syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhchyangbushi
  - Palladius: цзыцянбуси (czycjanbusi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zìqiángbùxí
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄒㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zìhciángbùsí
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-chʻiang²-pu⁴-hsi²
  - Yale: dz̀-chyáng-bù-syí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhchyangbushyi
  - Palladius: цзыцянбуси (czycjanbusi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹ ɕi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi⁶ koeng⁴ bat¹ sik¹
  - Yale: jih kèuhng bāt sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ koeng⁴ bat⁷ sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ kêng⁴ bed¹ xig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² kʰœːŋ²¹ pɐt̚⁵ sɪk̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-kiông-put-siak
  - Tâi-lô: tsīr-kiông-put-siak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² put̚⁵⁻²⁴ siak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-kiông-put-sek
  - Tâi-lô: tsū-kiông-put-sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxkiongputseg
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ kiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ put̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ kiɔŋ²³⁻³³ put̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² put̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-kiâng-put-sek
  - Tâi-lô: tsū-kiâng-put-sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxkiangputseg
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ kiaŋ¹³⁻²² put̚³²⁻⁵ siɪk̚³²/

Idiom

自強不息

to strive to better oneself constantly and never slacken

Related terms

天行健，君子以自強不息／天行健，君子以自强不息 (tiān xíng jiàn, jūnzǐ yǐ zìqiángbùxī)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (自強不息):

→ Korean: 자강불식(自強不息) (jagangbulsik)

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