膝蓋骨

See also: 膝盖骨

Chinese
knee bone
trad. (膝蓋骨) 膝蓋 骨
simp. (膝盖骨) 膝盖 骨

Pronunciation

Noun

膝蓋骨

  1. patella; kneecap
  2. (Hakka) knee joint

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 膝蓋骨 (“patella; kneecap”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 膝蓋骨, 髕骨
Mandarin Wuhan 克膝蓋
Cantonese Guangzhou 波羅蓋, 膝頭蓋
Hong Kong 波羅蓋, 膝頭蓋
Hakka Meixian 膝頭骨
Yudu 膝頭蓋
Eastern Min Fuzhou 跤鏡
Southern Min Xiamen 燈火碗, 跤頭趺骨
Quanzhou 跤頭趺骨
Zhangzhou 燈火碗, 跤頭腕
Haikou 跤趺骨, 跤趺臍骨
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 膝頭蓋, 膝頭尖, 膝頭
Wu Jinhua 腳寶蓋
Xiang Changsha 膝頭骨, 髂膝骨

Japanese
膝蓋骨 (shitsugaikotsu): the patella in a diagram of the knee.
Kanji in this term
膝 蓋 骨
しつ
Grade: S		 がい
Grade: S		 こつ
Grade: 6
kan’on kan’yōon kan’on

Etymology

Compound of 膝蓋 (shitsugai, literally “knee + lid, cap”) +‎ 骨 (kotsu, “bone”).[1][2][3] First cited to a medical terminology list from 1872.[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) しつが​いこつ [shìtsúgáꜜìkòtsù] (Nakadaka – [3])[3]
  • IPA(key): [ɕit͡sɨᵝɡa̠iko̞t͡sɨᵝ]

Noun

膝(しつ)蓋(がい)骨(こつ) • (shitsugaikotsu) 

  1. [from 1872] a kneecap, a patella
    Synonyms: 膝の皿 (hiza no sara), 膝皿 (hiza sara), 膝頭 (hizagashira)

Usage notes

Both 膝の皿 (hiza no sara) and 膝皿 (hiza sara) are also in use in modern Japanese, with 膝の皿 (hiza no sara) used more frequently of the two. The term 膝蓋骨 (shitsugaikotsu) is somewhat more technical, a bit like English patella compared to kneecap.

References
  1. “膝蓋骨”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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