膏藥

See also: 膏药

Chinese

	ointment; paste	medicine; drug; cure
trad. (膏藥)	膏	藥
simp. (膏药)	膏	药
anagram	藥膏／药膏

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): gāoyào

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄠㄧㄠˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gao¹ yuo²
Cantonese (Jyutping): gou¹ joek⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kâu-yo̍k / kò-yo̍k
Jin (Wiktionary): gau¹ ieh⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ko-io̍h / ko͘-io̍h

(Teochew, Peng'im): go¹ iêh⁸ / go¹ ioh⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gāoyào → gāoyao (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄠㄧㄠˋ → ㄍㄠ ˙ㄧㄠ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gaoyåo
  - Wade–Giles: kao¹-yao⁵
  - Yale: gāu-yau
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gau.yaw
  - Palladius: гаояо (gaojao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵¹/ → /kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯²/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
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    膏藥／膏药
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: gao¹ yuo²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gaojuo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kau⁵⁵ yo²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gou¹ joek⁶
  - Yale: gōu yeuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gou¹ joek⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gou¹ yêg⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kou̯⁵⁵ jœːk̚²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâu-yo̍k / kò-yo̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: gau´ iog / goˇ iog
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gau¹ yog⁶ / go² yog⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯ok̚⁵/, /ko¹¹ i̯ok̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâu-yo̍k / kò-yo̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: gau´ (r)iog / goˇ (r)iog
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gau¹ yog⁶ / go² yog⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯ok̚⁵/, /ko¹¹ (j)i̯ok̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: gau¹ ieh⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /kau¹¹ iəʔ²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-io̍h
  - Tâi-lô: ko-io̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koi'ioih
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ko³³ ioʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ko⁴⁴⁻³³ ioʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ko⁴⁴⁻²² ioʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ko⁴⁴⁻²² ioʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɤʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘-io̍h
  - Tâi-lô: koo-io̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ko'ioih
  - IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ioʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² ioʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² ioʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɤʔ⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: go¹ iêh⁸ / go¹ ioh⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ko ie̍h / ko io̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ko³³⁻²³ ieʔ⁴/, /ko³³⁻²³ ioʔ⁴/

Noun

膏藥

(traditional Chinese medicine) herbal plaster; medicated patch; poultice

Derived terms

拍拳賣膏藥／拍拳卖膏药

Descendants

→ Khmer: កៅយក់ (kawyŭək)
→ Malay: koyok
- Indonesian: koyok (“medicated patch”)
- → English: koyok (“quack medicine”)
→ Tagalog: koyo

References

“Entry #10833”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

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