硬性

Chinese

		hard; stiff; strong hard; stiff; strong; firm	sex; nature; suffix corresponding to ‑ness or ‑ity
simp. and trad. (硬性)		硬	性

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yìngxìng

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaang⁶ sing³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ngǐ-sèng / ngī-sèng / ngē-sèng / ngēe-sèng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yìngxìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yìngsìng
  - Wade–Giles: ying⁴-hsing⁴
  - Yale: yìng-syìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yinqshinq
  - Palladius: инсин (insin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ngaang⁶ sing³
  - Yale: ngaahng sing
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngaang⁶ sing³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngang⁶ xing³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋaːŋ²² sɪŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngǐ-sèng
  - Tâi-lô: ngǐ-sìng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋĩ²² siɪŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngī-sèng
  - Tâi-lô: ngī-sìng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngixsexng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ŋĩ²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ŋĩ³³⁻¹¹ siɪŋ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngē-sèng
  - Tâi-lô: ngē-sìng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngexsexng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋẽ³³⁻²¹ siɪŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngēe-sèng
  - Tâi-lô: ngēe-sìng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋɛ̃²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ²¹/

Adjective

硬性

rigid; stiff; inflexible

Antonyms

軟性／软性 (ruǎnxìng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
硬	性
こう Grade: S	せい Grade: 5
kan’yōon	kan’on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こーせー [kòóséé] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːse̞ː]

Noun

硬(こう)性(せい) • (kōsei) ^{←かうせい (kausei)^?}

hardness, the quality of being hard or stiff
(of a person) rigidness, obstinance, being resistant to heeding the opinions of others

Derived terms

硬(こう)性(せい)癌(がん) (kōseigan)
硬(こう)性(せい)下(げ)疳(かん) (kōsei gekan)
硬(こう)性(せい)憲(けん)法(ぽう) (kōsei kenpō)

See also

かたい (katai, “hard; stiff; rigid”, adjective)
軟(なん)性(せい) (nansei, “the quality of being soft; a flexible disposition”)

References

Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
硬	性

Noun

硬性 • (gyeongseong) (hangeul 경성)

Hanja form^? of 경성.

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