無し

Japanese
Kanji in this term
無
な
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Etymology

Classical terminal form of the modern adjective 無(な)い (nai).

Noun

無(な)し • (nashi) 

  1. nothing
  2. (colloquial) bad, unacceptable

Suffix

無(な)し • (-nashi) 

  1. -less, without ..., not having or not being that thing
    ルールなし
    rūru nashi
    no rules
    『西(せい)部(ぶ)戦線(せんせん)異(い)状(じょう)なし』
    “Seibu Sensen Ijō Nashi”
    There are no abnormalities on the Western Front (the Japanese title of All Quiet on the Western Front)

Adjective

無(な)し • (nashi) †-ku

  1. Classical Japanese and literary form of ない (nai)
    死(し)人(にん)に口(くち)なし。
    Shinin ni kuchi nashi.
    Dead men tell no tales.
    (literally, “Dead men have no mouths.”)

Inflection
Classical conjugation of "無し" (ク活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 無く[1]
無から[2]		なく
なから		naku
nakara
Continuative (連用形) 無く[1]
無かり[2]		なく
なかり		naku
nakari
Terminal (終止形) 無しなしnasi
Attributive (連体形) 無き
無かる		なき
なかる		naki
nakaru
Realis (已然形) 無けれなけれnakere
Imperative (命令形) 無かれなかれnakare
Key constructions
Negative 無からずなからずnakarazu
Contrasting conjunction 無けれどなけれどnakeredo
Causal conjunction 無ければなければnakereba
Conditional conjunction 無くばなくばnakuba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 無かりきなかりきnakariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 無かりけりなかりけりnakarikeri
Adverbial 無くなくnaku
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.
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