気配

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
気	配
け Grade: 1	はい Grade: 3
goon

Alternative spelling
氣配 (kyūjitai)

From Old Japanese けわい, previously spelled as けはひ and probably originally realized as /kepapi/. This derived as a compound of 気 (ke, “atmosphere, spirit; feeling, mood”) +‎ 這ひ (hahi → hai, “creeping, crawling; spreading”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 這う hau, “to crawl, to creep; to spread along the ground, to spread around”).[1][2][3]

The 配 (hai, “distribution”) kanji was applied to the hai portion of the reading as an example of ateji (当て字).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) けはい [kèháꜜì] (Nakadaka – [2])[2][4][5]
(Tokyo) けはい [kéꜜhàì] (Atamadaka – [1])[2][4][5]
IPA^(key): [ke̞ha̠i]

Noun

気(け)配(はい) • (kehai)

appearance, sign, hint, air, promise, shadow or presence
人(ひと)の気(け)配(はい)がしない。
Hito no kehai ga shinai.
There is no sign of people.
the state, feeling, or sentiment of a market
(fantasy) a sort of “aura” or “chi” radiated from people or things that denotes their nearby presence
- 2002 August 22, Akinobu Uraku, “第(だい)51(ごじゅういち)話(わ)　泣(な)き虫(むし)テイル [Chapter 51: Tail the Crybaby]”, in 東京アンダーグラウンド [Tokyo Underground], volume 9 (fiction), Tokyo: Enix, →ISBN, page 128:
  
  不(ふ)思(し)議(ぎ)ですねっ　気(け)配(はい)を消(け)していたのに
  Fushigi desu ne' Kehai o keshite ita no ni
  Strange. Could’ve sworn I erased my aura.
  完(かん)璧(ぺき)すぎんだよ　人(ひと)ゴミの中(なか)で逆(ぎゃく)に浮(う)いてたぜ
  Kanpeki sugin da yo Hitogomi no naka de gyaku ni uite ta ze
  On the contrary, doing that too perfectly makes you stand out in a crowded area
- 2004 August 17, CLAMP, “Chapitre(シャピトル).43(よんじゅうさん) 見(み)えない未(み)来(らい) [Chapitre 43: The Unseen Future]”, in ツバサＲＥＳＥＲＶｏｉｒＣＨＲｏＮｉＣＬＥ (ツバサＲＥＳＥＲＶｏｉｒＣＨＲｏＮｉＣＬＥ) [Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle], volume 7 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 29:
  
  黒(くろ)鋼(がね)さんの気(け)配(はい)だ昨日(きのう)の桜(おう)都(と)国(こく)の人(ひと)達(たち)とは違(ちが)う　同(おな)じ生(い)きているものでも気(け)配(はい)はそれぞれ違(ちが)うんだ
  Kurogane-san no kehai da kinō no Ōtokoku no hitotachi to wa chigau Onaji ikite iru mono de mo kehai wa sorezore chigau n da
  Kurogane-san’s aura is different from other people’s from yesterday in Ōto, which means auras vary even among the same kind of living being
- 2004 November 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)二(に)十(じゅう)四(よん)訓(くん)　昔(むかし)の武(ぶ)勇(ゆう)伝(でん)は三割(わり)増(まし)で話(はな)せ　盛(も)り上(あが)がればいいんだよ　盛(も)り上(あが)がれば [Lesson 24: Triple-Brag about Your Exploits and Everyone Will Be Real Pumped Up I Swear]”, in 銀魂 [Silver Soul], volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
  
  いいか絶(ぜっ)対(たい)動(うご)くなよ　気(け)配(はい)を殺(ころ)せ自(し)然(ぜん)と一(いっ)体(たい)なるだ　お前(まえ)は宇(う)宙(ちゅう)の一(いち)部(ぶ)であり宇(う)宙(ちゅう)はお前(まえ)の一(いち)部(ぶ　)だ…
  Ii ka zettai ugoku na yo Kehai o korose shizen to ittai naru da Omae wa uchū no ichibu de ari uchū wa omae no ichibu da…
  Don’t you dare even wiggle. Kill your aura, we’re becoming one with nature. You’ll be a part of the universe and it’ll be a part of you…

Synonyms

(appearance): 有(あり)様(さま) (arisama), 様(よう)子(す) (yōsu), 景(けい)気(き) (keiki)
(sign): 兆(きざ)し (kizashi), 様(よう)子(す) (yōsu)
(market sentiment): 景(けい)気(き) (keiki), 市(し)況(きょう) (shikyō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
気	配
き Grade: 1	はい Grade: 3
kan’on

Alternative spelling
氣配 (kyūjitai)

Possibly a shift from kehai above, using the kan'on reading of ki for 気.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きはい [kìháꜜì] (Nakadaka – [2])[2]
(Tokyo) きはい [kìháí] (Heiban – [0])[2]
IPA^(key): [kʲi̥ha̠i]

(Tokyo) きはい [kíꜜhàì] (Atamadaka – [1])[2][5]
IPA^(key): [kʲiha̠i]

Noun

気(き)配(はい) • (kihai)

thoughtfulness, consideration
the appearance, state, or condition of something
mood, feeling, emotion
the state, feeling, or sentiment of a market

Synonyms

(thoughtfulness, consideration): 配(はい)慮(りょ) (hairyo), 心(こころ)遣(づか)い (kokorozukai), 心(こころ)使(づか)い (kokorozukai)
(appearance, state): 有(あり)様(さま) (arisama), 様(よう)子(す) (yōsu), 景(けい)気(き) (keiki)
(mood, feeling): 気(き)分(ぶん) (kibun), 気(き)持(もち) (kimochi)
(market sentiment): 景(けい)気(き) (keiki), 市(し)況(きょう) (shikyō)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
気	配
き Grade: 1	くば(り) Grade: 3
jūbakoyomi

Alternative spelling
氣配 (kyūjitai)

Compound of 気 (ki, “atmosphere, spirit; feeling, mood”) +‎ 配り (kubari, “distributing; spreading, as one's attention or care”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 配る kubaru, “to distribute; to spread, as one's attention or care”).[1][2][3]

Alternative forms

気配り

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きくばり [kìkúꜜbàrì] (Nakadaka – [2])[2][5][4]
IPA^(key): [kʲi̥kɯ̟ᵝba̠ɾʲi]

Noun

気(き)配(くばり) • (kikubari)

thoughtfulness, consideration

Synonyms

配(はい)慮(りょ) (hairyo)
心(こころ)遣(づか)い (kokorozukai), 心(こころ)使(づか)い (kokorozukai)

References

Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJS-3] Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[NHK-4] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[SMK5-5] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN