條支

Chinese

	phonetic
trad. (條支)	條	支
simp. (条支)	条	支
alternative forms	條枝／条枝

Etymology

Uncertain. Attested in the Records of the Great Historian (《史記·大宛列傳》), Book of Han (《漢書·西域傳》), Book of the Later Han (《後漢書·西域傳》), etc. as the name of a state, city, or region in the "Western Regions" (西域, historical locations in Central and Western Asia). Pulleyblank (1999) derives the name from Ancient Greek Σελεύκεια (Seleúkeia, “Seleucia”) and considers the possibility of reconstructed Old Chinese 條 (OC *l'ɯːw) with initial *sl- rather than simply *l-, as in 修 (OC *slɯw).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Tiáozhī

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄓ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Tiáozhī
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄓ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Tiáojhih
  - Wade–Giles: Tʻiao²-chih¹
  - Yale: Tyáu-jr̄
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tyaujy
  - Palladius: Тяочжи (Tjaočži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: dew tsye

Rime
Character	條	支
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	蕭 (93)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	徒聊切	章移切
Baxter	dew	tsye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/deu/	/t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/deu/	/t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/deu/	/t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛw/	/ciə̆/
Li Rong	/deu/	/t͡ɕie/
Wang Li	/dieu/	/t͡ɕǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱieu/	/t͡ɕie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tiáo	zhī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tiu⁴	zi¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[l]ˤiw|lˤiw ke/

(Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯːw kje/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	條	條	支	支
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tiáo	tiáo	zhī	zhī
Middle Chinese	‹ dew ›	‹ dew ›	‹ tsye ›	‹ tsye ›
Old Chinese	/*[l]ˁiw/	/*lˁiw/	/*ke/	/*ke/
English	arrange	branch (n.), shoot (n.)	support, hold up	branch (of tree), limb
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	條	支
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	15466	17200
Phonetic component	攸	支
Rime group	幽	支
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	迢	支
Old Chinese	/*l'ɯːw/	/*kje/

Proper noun

條支

(historical) name of an ancient state or region in Western Asia attested in Chinese historiography (c. 1st–3rd century)

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