松明

Chinese
pine
 
clear; bright; to understand
clear; bright; to understand; next; the Ming dynasty
trad. (松明) 松 明
simp. #(松明) 松 明

Pronunciation

Noun

松明

  1. pine torch

Synonyms
  • 明子 (dated)
  • 松光 (Liuzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan)
  • 松明子 (sōngmíngzǐ)
  • 松明油 (Wenzhounese)
  • 松明𱬀 (Eastern Min)
  • 松迷 (Huizhou)

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (松明):
  • → Japanese: 松明(しょうめい) (shōmei)

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
松 明
たいまつ
Grade: 4 Grade: 2
jukujikun
Alternative spellings
炬
炬火

/takimat͡su/ → /taĩmat͡su/ → /taimat͡su/

Shift by イ音便 (i onbin, “i sound shift”) from takimatsu, itself from 焚き (taki, “burning”, stem or continuative form of verb 焚く (taku), "to burn") +‎ 松 (matsu, “pine tree”).[1][2][3] Compare the development of 続松 (tsugimatsu → tsuimatsu) of the same meaning.

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 松明 (sōngmíng).

Pronunciation

Noun

松明(たいまつ) • (taimatsu) 

  1. a torch (stick with flame at one end)
    Synonyms: 打ち松 (uchimatsu), 炬火 (kyoka, koka), 炬燭 (kyoshoku), 松火 (shōka), 松炬 (shōkyo), 続松 (tsuimatsu), トーチ (tōchi), 松 (matsu)
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • お松明(たいまつ), 御(お)松明(たいまつ) (o-taimatsu)
  • 松明(たいまつ)行(ぎょう)列(れつ) (taimatsu gyōretsu)
  • 松明(たいまつ)の占(うら) (taimatsu no ura)
  • 松明(たいまつ)祭(まつり), 松明(たいまつ)祭(まつ)り (Taimatsu-matsuri)
  • 鵜(う)松明(たいまつ) (u-taimatsu)
  • 陣(じん)松明(たいまつ) (jintaimatsu)
  • 手(て)松明(たいまつ) (tetaimatsu), 手(て)松明(だいまつ) (tedaimatsu)
  • 投(な)げ松明(たいまつ) (nagetaimatsu)
  • 柱(はしら)松明(たいまつ) (hashira taimatsu)

Proper noun

松明(たいまつ) • (Taimatsu) 

  1. a placename

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
松 明
しょう
Grade: 4		 めい
Grade: 2
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 松明 (MC zjowng mjaeng). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Noun

松(しょう)明(めい) • (shōmei) 

  1. a torch (stick with flame at one end)
  2. the flame of an oil lamp

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
松 明
まつ
Grade: 4		 めい
Grade: 2
yutōyomi

Proper noun

松(まつ)明(めい) • (Matsumei) 

  1. a surname

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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