文質彬彬

See also: 文质彬彬

Chinese
 
language; culture; writing
language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle
 
hostage; substance; nature
hostage; substance; nature; quality
 refined, gentle and elegant; having both literary flourish and substance
trad. (文質彬彬) 文 質 彬彬
simp. (文质彬彬) 文 质 彬彬

Etymology

From the Analects, Book 6 (《論語·雍也》):

子曰：「質勝文則野，文勝質則史。文質彬彬，然後君子。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
子曰：「质胜文则野，文胜质则史。文质彬彬，然后君子。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
Zǐyuē: “Zhì shèng wén zé yě, wén shèng zhì zé shǐ. Wén zhì bīnbīn, ránhòu jūnzǐ.” [Pinyin]
The Master said, "Where the solid qualities are in excess of accomplishments, we have rusticity; where the accomplishments are in excess of the solid qualities, we have the manners of a clerk. When the accomplishments and solid qualities are equally blended, we then have the man of virtue."

Pronunciation

Idiom

文質彬彬

  1. gentle; refined in manner
  2. (literary, originally) well balanced between literary talent and simplicity; displaying literary talent yet not frivolous

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (文質彬彬):
  • → Japanese: 文質彬彬(ぶんしつひんぴん) (bunshitsu hinpin)
  • → Korean: 문질빈빈(文質彬彬) (munjilbinbin)

Japanese
Kanji in this term
文 質 彬 彬
ぶん
Grade: 1		 しつ
Grade: 5		 ひん
Jinmeiyō		 ひん > ぴん
Jinmeiyō
kan’on

Etymology

From the Analects of Confucius.[1][2][3]

Analyzable as 文質 (bunshitsu, “civilized sophistication and simplicity”) + 彬彬 (hinpin, “harmonized, well-proportioned, well-balanced”).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ぶんしつひ​んぴん [bùńshítsú híꜜǹpìǹ] (Nakadaka – [5])[2]
  • IPA(key): [bɯ̟̃ᵝɰ̃ɕit͡sɨᵝ çĩmpʲĩɴ]

Idiom

文(ぶん)質(しつ)彬(ひん)彬(ぴん) • (bunshitsu hinpin) 

  1. the outer beauty and the inner quality are well-harmonized

Adjective

文(ぶん)質(しつ)彬(ひん)彬(ぴん) • (bunshitsu hinpin) †-tari (adnominal 文(ぶん)質(しつ)彬(ひん)彬(ぴん)とした (bunshitsu hinpin to shita) or 文(ぶん)質(しつ)彬(ひん)彬(ぴん)たる (bunshitsu hinpin taru), adverbial 文(ぶん)質(しつ)彬(ひん)彬(ぴん)と (bunshitsu hinpin to) or 文(ぶん)質(しつ)彬(ひん)彬(ぴん)として (bunshitsu hinpin to shite))

  1. refined in manner, exhibiting a balance between civilized sophistication and simplicity

Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "文質彬彬たり" (タリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 文質彬彬たらぶんしつひんぴんたらbunsitu finpintara
Continuative (連用形) 文質彬彬と[1]
文質彬彬たり[2]		ぶんしつひんぴんと
ぶんしつひんぴんたり		bunsitu finpinto
bunsitu finpintari
Terminal (終止形) 文質彬彬たりぶんしつひんぴんたりbunsitu finpintari
Attributive (連体形) 文質彬彬たるぶんしつひんぴんたるbunsitu finpintaru
Realis (已然形) 文質彬彬たれぶんしつひんぴんたれbunsitu finpintare
Imperative (命令形) 文質彬彬たれぶんしつひんぴんたれbunsitu finpintare
Key constructions
Negative 文質彬彬たらずぶんしつひんぴんたらずbunsitu finpintarazu
Contrasting conjunction 文質彬彬たれどぶんしつひんぴんたれどbunsitu finpintaredo
Causal conjunction 文質彬彬たればぶんしつひんぴんたればbunsitu finpintareba
Conditional conjunction 文質彬彬たらばぶんしつひんぴんたらばbunsitu finpintaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 文質彬彬たりきぶんしつひんぴんたりきbunsitu finpintariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 文質彬彬たりけりぶんしつひんぴんたりけりbunsitu finpintarikeri
Adverbial 文質彬彬とぶんしつひんぴんとbunsitu finpinto
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
文質彬彬

Noun

文質彬彬 • (munjilbinbin) (hangeul 문질빈빈)

  1. Hanja form? of 문질빈빈 (“the outer beauty and the inner quality are well-harmonized”).
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