摩那婆

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (摩那婆)		摩	那	婆
simp. ^#(摩那婆)		摩	那	婆

Etymology

From Sanskrit मानव (mānava, “human”). Displaced by native Chinese 人 (rén) in later translations.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mónàpó

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ ㄋㄚˋ ㄆㄛˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mónàpó
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ ㄋㄚˋ ㄆㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mónàpó
  - Wade–Giles: mo²-na⁴-pʻo²
  - Yale: mwó-nà-pwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: monahpor
  - Palladius: монапо (monapo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ³⁵ nä⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: ma|maH na|naX|naH ba

Rime
Character	摩	摩	那	那	那	婆
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	明 (4)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	戈 (95)	歌 (94)	歌 (94)	歌 (94)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Open	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I	I	I	I	I
Fanqie	莫婆切	摸卧切	諾何切	奴可切	奴箇切	薄波切
Baxter	ma	maH	na	naX	naH	ba
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muɑ/	/muɑ^H/	/nɑ/	/nɑ^X/	/nɑ^H/	/buɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/muɑ/	/muɑ^H/	/nɑ/	/nɑ^X/	/nɑ^H/	/buɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/muɑ/	/muɑ^H/	/nɑ/	/nɑ^X/	/nɑ^H/	/buɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mwa/	/mwa^H/	/na/	/na^X/	/na^H/	/bwa/
Li Rong	/muɑ/	/muɑ^H/	/nɑ/	/nɑ^X/	/nɑ^H/	/buɑ/
Wang Li	/muɑ/	/muɑ^H/	/nɑ/	/nɑ^X/	/nɑ^H/	/buɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/muɑ/	/muɑ^H/	/nɑ/	/nɑ^X/	/nɑ^H/	/bʱuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mó	mò	nuó	nuǒ	nuò	pó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mo⁴	mo⁶	no⁴	no⁵	no⁶	po⁴

Noun

摩那婆

(Buddhism) human.
Synonyms: 人 (rén), 摩拏婆／摩拿婆, 摩納／摩纳

Further reading

Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “摩那婆” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

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