扁桃腺

Chinese

		almond; flat peach	gland
trad. (扁桃腺)		扁桃	腺
simp. ^#(扁桃腺)		扁桃	腺

Etymology

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 扁(へん)桃(とう)腺(せん) (hentōsen) (Liu et al., 1984; Huang, 2020), attested as early as 1902 (Huang, 2020).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): biǎntáoxiàn

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄢˇ ㄊㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bin² tou⁴ sin³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): píⁿ-thô-sòaⁿ / hiân-tó͘-sián

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: biǎntáoxiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢˇ ㄊㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: biǎntáosiàn
  - Wade–Giles: pien³-tʻao²-hsien⁴
  - Yale: byǎn-táu-syàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beantaurshiann
  - Palladius: бяньтаосянь (bjanʹtaosjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bin² tou⁴ sin³
  - Yale: bín tòuh sin
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bin² tou⁴ sin³
  - Guangdong Romanization: bin² tou⁴ xin³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /piːn³⁵ tʰou̯²¹ siːn³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: píⁿ-thô-sòaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: pínn-thô-suànn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pvy'toisvoax
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰo¹³⁻²² suã²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰo²⁴⁻²² suã²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰɤ²³⁻³³ suã²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰo²⁴⁻²² suã⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰo²⁴⁻¹¹ suã¹¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiân-tó͘-sián
  - Tâi-lô: hiân-tóo-sián
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiendofsiern
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɛn²³⁻³³ tɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hiɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛn⁵³/

Note: hiân-tó͘-sián - from Japanese.

Noun

扁桃腺

(anatomy, immunology) tonsil [from 20th c.]

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 扁桃腺 (“tonsil”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		扁桃腺, 扁桃體 Mainland China
Mandarin	Taiwan	扁桃腺
Cantonese	Hong Kong	扁桃腺
Southern Min	Xiamen	扁桃腺
	Quanzhou	扁桃腺
	Zhangzhou	扁桃腺
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	扁桃腺

Derived terms

咽扁桃腺
扁桃腺炎 (biǎntáoxiàn yán)
舌扁桃腺 (shébiǎntáoxiàn)
顎扁桃腺／颚扁桃腺 (èbiǎntáoxiàn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
扁	桃	腺
へん Hyōgaiji	とう Grade: S	せん Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) へんとーせん [hèńtóóséń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [hẽ̞nto̞ːsẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

扁(へん)桃(とう)腺(せん) • (hentōsen) ^{←へんたうせん (fentausen)^?}

(anatomy, immunology) tonsil

Derived terms

Derived terms

扁桃腺炎(へんとうせんえん) (hentōsen'en): tonsillitis
扁桃腺切除(へんとうせんせつじょ) (hentōsen setsujo): tonsillectomy

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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