悠哉悠哉

Chinese

		leisurely; relaxed; comfortable	leisurely; relaxed; comfortable
trad. (悠哉悠哉)		悠哉	悠哉
simp. ^#(悠哉悠哉)		悠哉	悠哉

Etymology

From the Classic of Poetry, poem 1 (《詩經·周南·關雎》):

求之不得，寤寐思服。
悠哉悠哉，輾轉反側。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]

求之不得，寤寐思服。
悠哉悠哉，辗转反侧。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Qiú zhī bù dé, wùmèi sīfú.
Yōuzāi yōuzāi, zhǎnzhuǎn fǎncè. [Pinyin]

He sought her and found her not, and waking and sleeping he thought about her.
Long he thought; oh! long and anxiously; on his side, on his back, he turned, and back again.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yōuzāiyōuzāi

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄡㄗㄞㄧㄡㄗㄞ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁴ zoi¹ jau⁴ zoi¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yōuzāiyōuzāi
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄡㄗㄞㄧㄡㄗㄞ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: youzaiyouzai
  - Wade–Giles: yu¹-tsai¹-yu¹-tsai¹
  - Yale: yōu-dzāi-yōu-dzāi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ioutzaiioutzai
  - Palladius: юцзайюцзай (juczajjuczaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ joʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jau⁴ zoi¹ jau⁴ zoi¹
  - Yale: yàuh jōi yàuh jōi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁴ dzoi¹ jau⁴ dzoi¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁴ zoi¹ yeo⁴ zoi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯²¹ t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵ jɐu̯²¹ t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵/

Idiom

悠哉悠哉

(literary) extremely longing
leisurely and carefree; free and unconstrained

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