恬恬

Chinese

		quiet, calm, tranquil, peaceful	quiet, calm, tranquil, peaceful
trad. (恬恬)		恬	恬
simp. ^#(恬恬)		恬	恬
alternative forms		扂扂

Pronunciation

Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tiâm-tiâm
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiām-tiām / tiǎm-tiǎm

(Teochew, Peng'im): diam⁷ diam⁷

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tiâm-tiâm
  - Hakka Romanization System: diam´ diam´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: diam¹ diam¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ti̯am²⁴⁻¹¹ ti̯am²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiām-tiām
  - Tâi-lô: tiām-tiām
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diaxmdiam
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tiam²²⁻²¹ tiam²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiam³³⁻¹¹ tiam³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiam³³⁻²¹ tiam³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiǎm-tiǎm
  - Tâi-lô: tiǎm-tiǎm
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiam²² tiam²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: diam⁷ diam⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tiām tiām
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiam¹¹ tiam¹¹/

Adverb

恬恬

(Hakka, Southern Min) silently
- 恬恬在厝 [Teochew, trad. and simp.]
  From: 1841, William Dean, First Lessons in the Tie-chiw Dialect, “Words and Phrases”
  [translit?] [Peng'im]
  quietly remain at home
- 只有靜靜在這參自己賭氣　那一天才有自己的地和天 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
  只有静静在这参自己赌气　那一天才有自己的地和天 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
  From: 1998, 李宗盛 and 林強 (lyricist 伍佰), 台北孤兒
  chí-ū tiām-tiām tī tsia chham ka-kī tó͘-khì, tó chi̍t kang tsiah ū ka-kī ê tē kah thiⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

See also

惦惦

References

Douglas, Carstairs (1873) “tiām”, in Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, [With 1923 Supplement after the Appendix by Thomas Barclay, Shanghai: Commercial Press, Ltd.] edition (overall work in Hokkien and English), London: Trübner & Co., page 497; New Edition (With Chinese Character Glosses) edition, London: Presbyterian Church of England, 1899, page 497
“Entry #4958”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

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