德行

Chinese

		Germany; virtue; goodness Germany; virtue; goodness; morality; ethics; kindness; favour; character; kind	to go; to do; capable to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behaviour; conduct; a row; profession; professional
simp. and trad. (德行)		德	行

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): déxíng, déxìng

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ, ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dak¹ hang⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tet-hen
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tek-hēng / tiak-hēng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: déxíng → déxing (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ → ㄉㄜˊ ˙ㄒㄧㄥ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dési̊ng
  - Wade–Giles: tê²-hsing⁵
  - Yale: dé-sying
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: der.shyng
  - Palladius: дэсин (dɛsin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɤ³⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/ → /tɤ³⁵ ɕiŋ³/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: déxìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: désìng
  - Wade–Giles: tê²-hsing⁴
  - Yale: dé-syìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dershinq
  - Palladius: дэсин (dɛsin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɤ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    德性
    德行
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dak¹ hang⁶
  - Yale: dāk hahng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dak⁷ hang⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: deg¹ heng⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɐk̚⁵ hɐŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tet-hen
  - Hakka Romanization System: ded` hen
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ded⁵ hen⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tet̚² hen⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tek-hēng
  - Tâi-lô: tik-hīng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dekheng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ hiɪŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiak-hēng
  - Tâi-lô: tiak-hīng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diakheng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: tok haengH

Rime
Character	德	行
Reading #	1/1	4/4
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	登 (131)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	多則切	下更切
Baxter	tok	haengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tək̚/	/ɦˠæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/tək̚/	/ɦᵚaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/tək̚/	/ɣaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tək̚/	/ɦaɨjŋ^H/
Li Rong	/tək̚/	/ɣɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/tək̚/	/ɣɐŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/tək̚/	/ɣɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	de	hèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dak¹	hang⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤək [ɡ]ˤraŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*tɯːɡ ɡraːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	德	行
Reading #	1/1	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dé	xíng
Middle Chinese	‹ tok ›	‹ hæng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁək/	/*[ɡ]ˁraŋ-s/
English	virtue	action
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	德	行
Reading #	1/1	4/4
No.	17266	13876
Phonetic component	直	行
Rime group	職	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	德	行
Old Chinese	/*tɯːɡ/	/*ɡraːŋs/

Noun

德行

morality; moral integrity; honourable conduct
敗壞德行／败坏德行 ― bàihuài déxíng ― depravity
Alternative form of 德性

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (德行):

→ Korean: 덕행(德行) (deokhaeng)
→ Vietnamese: đức hạnh (德行)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): déxing

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄜˊ ˙ㄒㄧㄥ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: déxing
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ˙ㄒㄧㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dési̊ng
  - Wade–Giles: tê²-hsing⁵
  - Yale: dé-sying
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: der.shing
  - Palladius: дэсин (dɛsin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɤ³⁵ ɕiŋ³/

Noun

德行

(colloquial) disagreeable behaviour or appearance

Synonyms

德性 (déxìng)

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