復興

See also: 复兴

Chinese

		again; recover; reply to a letter again; recover; reply to a letter; to repeat; to duplicate	interest; flourish; it is the fashion to interest; flourish; it is the fashion to; to become popular
trad. (復興)		復	興
simp. (复兴)		复	兴

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fùxīng

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk⁶ hing¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fu̍k-hîn
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ho̍k-heng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fùxīng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fùsing
  - Wade–Giles: fu⁴-hsing¹
  - Yale: fù-syīng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhshing
  - Palladius: фусин (fusin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fuk⁶ hing¹
  - Yale: fuhk hīng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁹ hing¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fug⁶ hing¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚² hɪŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu̍k-hîn
  - Hakka Romanization System: fug hin´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fug⁶ hin¹
  - Sinological IPA: /fuk̚⁵ hin²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ho̍k-heng
  - Tâi-lô: ho̍k-hing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoghefng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚²⁴⁻² hiɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: bjuwH xing

Rime
Character	復	興
Reading #	1/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	扶富切	虚陵切
Baxter	bjuwH	xing
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨu^H/	/hɨŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/biu^H/	/hɨŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/biəu^H/	/xieŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buw^H/	/hiŋ/
Li Rong	/biu^H/	/xiəŋ/
Wang Li	/bĭəu^H/	/xĭəŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ə̯u^H/	/xi̯əŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fòu	xīng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fau⁶	hing¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-p(r)uk qʰ(r)əŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*buɡ qʰɯŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	復	興
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fù	xīng
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuwk ›	‹ xing ›
Old Chinese	/*m-p(r)uk/	/*qʰ(r)əŋ/
English	return	lift, rise
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	復	興
Reading #	2/2	1/2
No.	3550	13858
Phonetic component	复	興
Rime group	覺	蒸
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	伏	興
Old Chinese	/*buɡ/	/*qʰɯŋ/

Verb

復興

(transitive, intransitive) to revive; to rejuvenate; to regenerate; to resurge
復興國家／复兴国家 ― fùxīng guójiā ― to rejuvenate one's country

Synonyms

中興／中兴 (zhōngxīng)

Proper noun

復興

(～區, formerly ～鄉) Fuxing (a mountain indigenous district in eastern Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a mountain indigenous township)
(～區) Fuxing (a district of Handan, Hebei, China)
(～街道) Fuxing (a subdistrict of Chengkou, Chongqing, China)
(～嶼) Fuxing (an islet in Lieyu, Kinmen County, Taiwan)

Derived terms

中華民族偉大復興／中华民族伟大复兴 (Zhōnghuá mínzú wěidà fùxīng)
復興黨／复兴党 (fùxīngdǎng)
文藝復興／文艺复兴 (Wényì Fùxīng)
阿拉伯復興社會黨／阿拉伯复兴社会党 (Ālābó fùxīng shèhuìdǎng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (復興):

→ Japanese: 復興(ふっこう) (fukkō)
→ Korean: 부흥(復興) (buheung)
→ Vietnamese: phục hưng (復興)

Others:

→ English: Fusing, Fuxing

Japanese

Kanji in this term
復	興
ふく > ふっ Grade: 5	こう Grade: 5
on’yomi

Noun

復(ふっ)興(こう) • (fukkō)

reconstruction, restoration

Synonyms

Verb

復(ふっ)興(こう)する • (fukkō suru) suru (stem 復(ふっ)興(こう)し (fukkō shi), past 復(ふっ)興(こう)した (fukkō shita))

reconstruct, restore

Conjugation

Conjugation of "復興する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	復興し	ふっこうし	fukkō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	復興し	ふっこうし	fukkō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	復興する	ふっこうする	fukkō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	復興する	ふっこうする	fukkō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	復興すれ	ふっこうすれ	fukkō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	復興せよ¹ 復興しろ²	ふっこうせよ¹ ふっこうしろ²	fukkō seyo¹ fukkō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	復興される	ふっこうされる	fukkō sareru
Causative	復興させる復興さす	ふっこうさせるふっこうさす	fukkō saseru fukkō sasu
Potential	復興できる	ふっこうできる	fukkō dekiru
Volitional	復興しよう	ふっこうしよう	fukkō shiyō
Negative	復興しない	ふっこうしない	fukkō shinai
Negative continuative	復興せず	ふっこうせず	fukkō sezu
Formal	復興します	ふっこうします	fukkō shimasu
Perfective	復興した	ふっこうした	fukkō shita
Conjunctive	復興して	ふっこうして	fukkō shite
Hypothetical conditional	復興すれば	ふっこうすれば	fukkō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
復	興

Noun

復興 • (buheung) (hangeul 부흥)

Hanja form^? of 부흥 (“restoration; revival”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
復	興

Verb

復興

chữ Hán form of phục hưng (“to restore to former prosperity”).

Adjective

復興

chữ Hán form of Phục Hưng (“of the Renaissance”).

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