強いる

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Etymology

⟨sipu⟩⟨sipuru⟩/ɕiɸuɾu//ɕiɸɨɾu//ɕiwiɾu//ɕiiɾu/

From Old Japanese 強ふ (sipu), following 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō, upper bigrade conjugation).

Possibly cognate with 癈いる (shiiru, to lose function (said of body organs)). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "強いる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
強いる [shìíꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形) 強いろ [shìíꜜrò]
Key constructions
Passive 強いられる いられ [shìíráréꜜrù]
Causative 強いさせる いさせ [shìísáséꜜrù]
Potential 強いられる いられ [shìíráréꜜrù]
Volitional 強いよう いよ [shìíyóꜜò]
Negative 強いない ない [shìíꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 強いなかった なかった [shìíꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 強います いま [shìímáꜜsù]
Perfective 強いた いた [shíꜜìtà]
Conjunctive 強いて いて [shíꜜìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 強いれば れば [shìíꜜrèbà]

Verb

()いる • (shiiru) しひる (sifiru)?transitive ichidan (stem () (shii), past ()いた (shiita))

  1. to compel, compulse, force
    Synonym: 強制する (kyōsei suru)

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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