weak; feeble; young weak; feeble; young; inferior |
water; river | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (弱水) |
弱 | 水 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 弱 | 水 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (107) | 脂 (18) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 而灼切 | 式軌切 |
| Baxter | nyak | sywijX |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ȵɨɐk̚/ | /ɕˠiuɪX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ȵiɐk̚/ | /ɕʷᵚiX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȵʑiɑk̚/ | /ɕiuɪX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ȵɨak̚/ | /ɕjwiX/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȵiak̚/ | /ɕjuiX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȵʑĭak̚/ | /ɕwiX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȵʑi̯ak̚/ | /ɕwiX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
ruò | shuǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
joek6 | seoi2 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 弱 | 水 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
ruò | shuǐ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ nyak › | ‹ sywijX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*newk/ | /*s.turʔ/ (E dialect: *-r > *-j) |
| English | weak | water; river |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 弱 | 水 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10947 | 11948 |
| Phonetic component |
弱 | 水 |
| Rime group |
藥 | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
若 | 水 |
| Old Chinese |
/*njewɢ/ | /*qʰʷljilʔ/ |