實證研究

Chinese

		actual proof; concrete evidence; excess syndrome	to research; to study; to deliberate to research; to study; to deliberate; to discuss; to investigate
trad. (實證研究)		實證	研究
simp. (实证研究)		实证	研究

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shízhèng yánjiū, shízhèng yánjiù

(Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ, ㄕˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shízhèng yánjiū
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shíhjhèng yánjiou
  - Wade–Giles: shih²-chêng⁴ yen²-chiu¹
  - Yale: shŕ-jèng yán-jyōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrjenq yanjiou
  - Palladius: шичжэн яньцзю (šičžɛn janʹczju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shízhèng yánjiù
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shíhjhèng yánjiòu
  - Wade–Giles: shih²-chêng⁴ yen²-chiu⁴
  - Yale: shŕ-jèng yán-jyòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrjenq yanjiow
  - Palladius: шичжэн яньцзю (šičžɛn janʹczju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

Noun

實證研究

empirical research

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