姊

See also: 姉 and 姐

姊	U+59CA, 姊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59CA

← 姉
[U+59C9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

始 →
[U+59CB]

Translingual

Han character

姊 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女中難竹 (VLXH), four-corner 4042₇, composition ⿰女𠂔)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 258, character 15

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6164

Dae Jaweon: page 523, character 20

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1032, character 9

Unihan data for U+59CA

Chinese

trad.		姊
simp. ^#		姊
alternative forms		姉／姊𡛷

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (秭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
姊	*ʔsiʔ
秭	*ʔsiʔ
趀	*sʰi
笫	ʔsriʔ, ʔsrɯʔ
胏	*ʔsrɯʔ
柹	*zrɯʔ
柿	*zrɯʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsiʔ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 𠂔 (Middle Chinese: t͡ʃɨ^X).

Etymology

From Mon-Khmer; compare Old Mon kuṁci (“sister”) (Schuessler, 2007). Schuessler (2007) notes that connection with Proto-Tibeto-Burman *dzar (“sister (of man)”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dzər ~ tsər (Benedict, 1974) is "phonetically less direct".

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zǐ, jiě (zi³, jie³)

(Zhuyin): ㄗˇ, ㄐㄧㄝˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi³

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): зы (zɨ, II)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zi², ze²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): dei²
Gan (Wiktionary): zi³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chí
Jin (Wiktionary): zi²
Northern Min (KCR): ci̿
Eastern Min (BUC): cī
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chí / ché / chié / chú / chír

(Teochew, Peng'im): zi²

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ji²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵tsy
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zr³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, literary, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zǐh
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ³
  - Yale: dž
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyy
  - Palladius: цзы (czy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, vernacular, standard in Taiwan, variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiě
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiě
  - Wade–Giles: chieh³
  - Yale: jyě
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiee
  - Palladius: цзе (cze)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴/

Note: jiě - more commonly used in Taiwan, also written as 姐.

- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zi³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: зы (zɨ, II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi², ze²
  - Yale: jí, jé
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi², dze²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji², zé²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/, /t͡sɛː³⁵/

Note: ze2 - usually written as 姐.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: dei²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tei⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: zi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chí
  - Hakka Romanization System: ji`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ji³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡si³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zi²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ci̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
  - Tâi-lô: tsí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cie
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡si⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ché
  - Tâi-lô: tsé
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zea
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Tainan, Yilan, Kinmen): /t͡se⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chié
  - Tâi-lô: tsié
  - IPA (Lukang): /t͡sie⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú
  - Tâi-lô: tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuo
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chír
  - Tâi-lô: tsír
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

Note:

chí, ché/chié - vernacular, also written as 姐 (especially for ché);
chú/chír - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zi²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵²/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: ji²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡si³¹/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsy
  - MiniDict: tsy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zr³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: tsiX

Rime
Character	姊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	即里切
Baxter	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɨ^X/
Li Rong	/t͡siə^X/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭə^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡si^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts][i]jʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsiʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	姊
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsij^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts][i]jʔ/
English	older sister
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	姊
Reading #	1/1
No.	17870
Phonetic component	秭
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	𡛷
Old Chinese	/*ʔsiʔ/

Definitions

姊

elder sister
姊妹 ― zǐmèi ― sisters
- 1939 July 15, “一什貨店主人請求退窮”, in 星洲日報 [Sin Chew Jit Poh], page 10:
  
  而其妻之姊．乃一富有者． [Literary Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  ér qí qī zhī zǐ. nǎi yī fùyǒu zhě. [Pinyin]
  His wife's elder sister is a wealthy person
(Hokkien, familiar) respectful honorific used after a name for an elder sister or any female senior: Miss; Sister

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 姐姐 (“elder sister”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		姊
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		姐姐
Mandarin	Beijing	姐姐, 姐
	Taiwan	姐姐
	Ulanhot	大姐
	Tongliao	大姐
	Chifeng	姐姐
	Bayanhot	姐姐
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	大姐
	Harbin	姐姐
	Shenyang	姐姐
	Yantai (Muping)	姐
	Jinan	姐姐
	Luoyang	姐
	Wanrong	姐
	Zhengzhou	姐
	Xi'an	姐
	Yinchuan	姐姐
	Lanzhou	姐姐
	Xining	姐姐, 姐
	Ürümqi	姐姐, 阿姐 Hui
	Wuhan	姐姐
	Huanggang	姐
	Chengdu	姐姐, 姐
	Guiyang	姐
	Kunming	姐姐
	Liuzhou	姐, 阿姐
	Xuzhou	姐姐
	Yangzhou	姐姐
	Nanjing	姐姐
	Hefei	姐姐
	Nantong	姐姐
	Malaysia	姐姐
	Singapore	姐姐
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	姐姐
Cantonese	Guangzhou	姐姐, 家姐, 阿姐, 大姊
	Hong Kong	家姐, 姐姐
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	大姊
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	家姐
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	阿姐
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	阿姐
	Macau	家姐
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	阿家 ><, 家姐 <>
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	阿姐 ><, 大姐 <>
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	阿姐 ><, 大姐 <>
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	阿大 ><, 姐姐 ><, 大姊 <>
	Foshan	家姐 ><, 大姐 <>
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	大姊
	Foshan (Shunde)	家姐 ><, 大姐 <>
	Foshan (Sanshui)	家姐 ><, 大姐 <>
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	阿姐 ><
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	家姐 ><, 大姊 <>
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	阿家 ><, 大姊 <>
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	阿姐
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	阿姐
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	阿姐
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	阿姐
	Taishan	阿姊
	Kaiping (Chikan)	阿姐
	Enping (Niujiang)	阿姊
	Heshan (Yayao)	阿家
	Dongguan	家姐 ><, 大姊 <>
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	大姊, 姊 ><
	Shaoguan	家姐, 阿姐
	Yunfu	阿姐, 大姐
	Yangjiang	大姊, 大姐, 阿姐
	Xinyi	阿𡜵, 大𡜵
	Lianjiang	大姊, 姐姐
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	阿姐
	Hepu (Shatian)	阿姐
	Beihai	姐姐
	Beihai (Nankang)	大姐
	Beihai (Yingpan)	阿姐
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	阿姐
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	家姐
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	大姐
	Danzhou	姊
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	家姐
	Singapore (Guangfu)	家姐
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	家姐
	Móng Cái	阿姐
Gan	Nanchang	姐姐, 姐
	Lichuan	霞姊
	Pingxiang	姐姐
Hakka	Meixian	阿姊
	Xingning	阿姊
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	阿姐
	Huiyang	阿姊
	Huidong (Daling)	阿姊
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	阿姐
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	阿姐
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	阿姐
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	阿姐
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	阿姐
	Wuhua (Changbu)	阿姐
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	阿姐
	Wuhua (Meilin)	阿姐
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	阿姊
	Wengyuan	阿姊
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	姊姊
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	阿姊
	Liannan	阿姊
	Conghua (Lütian)	阿姊
	Jiexi	阿姊
	Luhe	阿姊
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	阿姊
	Changting	姊姊, 姊里
	Wuping	老姊
	Wuping (Yanqian)	阿姊
	Wuping (Pingyu)	姊
	Liancheng	嫫姐
	Ninghua	姊姊
	Yudu	姊姊
	Ningdu	姊姊
	Ruijin	姐姐
	Shicheng	姊姊
	Shangyou (Shexi)	姊姊
	Tonggu (Sandu)	姊姊
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	大姊
	Dayu	姊佬
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	阿姊
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	阿姊
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	阿姊
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	阿姊
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	阿姊
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	阿姊
	Hong Kong	阿姐
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	阿姊
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	阿姊
	Xinyi (Sihe)	大姊
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	阿姊
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	阿姊
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	阿姊
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	阿姊
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	阿姊
	Mengshan (Xihe)	姐
	Luchuan	姊
	Sabah (Longchuan)	阿姊
	Senai (Huiyang)	阿姊
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	阿姊
	Singkawang	阿姊
Huizhou	Jixi	姐姐, 姐
	Shexian	姐姐
	Tunxi	姐兒
	Xiuning	阿姐
	Yixian	姐姐
	Qimen	姐兒
	Wuyuan	姐, 姐姐
	Fuliang	姐, 姐姐
	Dexing	姊
Jin	Taiyuan	姐姐
	Pingyao	大大
	Xinzhou	姐姐, 姐姐啊, 呀姐
	Taibus (Baochang)	姐姐
	Linhe	姐姐
	Jining	姐姐
	Hohhot	姐姐
	Baotou	姐姐
	Dongsheng	姐姐
	Haibowan	姐姐
Northern Min	Jian'ou	姊仔, 姊姊
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	阿姊
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	阿姊
	Jianyang	姊仔
	Wuyishan	姊仔
	Pucheng (Shibei)	阿姊
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	依姐
	Changle	依姐
	Fuqing	阿姊
	Yongtai	依姐
	Gutian	姐
	Fu'an	姊哥
	Ningde	姊
	Shouning	阿姊
	Zhouning	阿姊
	Fuding	阿姊
	Matsu	依姐
Southern Min	Xiamen	阿姊, 阿姊仔, 姊仔
	Quanzhou	阿姊, 姊
	Jinjiang	阿姊
	Yongchun	阿姊, 大姊
	Dehua	阿姊
	Zhangzhou	阿姊
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	大姊
	Zhangpu	阿姊
	Zhao'an	姊
	Taipei	阿姊
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	阿姊
	Kaohsiung	阿姊
	Yilan	阿姊
	Changhua (Lukang)	阿姊
	Taichung	阿姊
	Tainan	阿姊
	Hsinchu	阿姊
	Kinmen	俺姊
	Penghu (Magong)	阿姊
	Penang (Hokkien)	阿姊, 姊, 姊姊
	Singapore (Hokkien)	大姊, 阿姊
	Manila (Hokkien)	阿姊
	Zhangping	姐
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	俺姐
	Datian	阿姐
	Chaozhou	阿姐
	Shantou	姐
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	阿姐
	Jieyang	阿姐
	Haifeng	姐姐
	Bangkok (Teochew)	阿姐
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	阿姐
	Singapore (Teochew)	阿姐
	Leizhou	尼姊 <>, 姊 ><
	Wenchang	姐, 大姊, 阿姐
	Haikou	阿姐, 大姊
	Singapore (Hainanese)	阿姐
Puxian Min	Putian	阿姊
Puxian Min	Xianyou	阿咍, 阿姊
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	家 ><, 大姐 <>
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	姐, 千金小 euphemistic
Shehua	Fu'an	阿姊
	Fuding	阿姊
	Luoyuan	阿姊
	Sanming	阿姊
	Shunchang	阿姊
	Hua'an	阿姊
	Guixi (Zhangping)	阿姊
	Cangnan	姊
	Jingning	阿姊
	Lishui	姊
	Longyou	阿姊
	Chaozhou	阿姊
	Fengshun	阿姊
Wu	Shanghai	姐姐, 阿姐, 姊姊, 阿姊
	Shanghai (Chongming)	阿姐, 姐姐
	Suzhou	阿姐, 姐姐
	Wuxi	阿姊, 姐姐
	Danyang	姐姐
	Hangzhou	阿姐, 姐姐
	Ningbo	阿姐, 阿姊, 姐姐, 姊姊
	Wenzhou	阿姹, 阿姐
	Jinhua	姊姊兒, 姊姊
Xiang	Changsha	姐姐
	Loudi	姐姐, 姊姊
	Shuangfeng	姐姐
	Hengyang	姐姐
Note	>< - face-to-face; <> - non-face-to-face

Compounds

令姊
伯姊
內姊／内姊
十姊妹 (shízǐmèi)
堂姊
堂姊妹
大姊
大姊頭／大姊头
姊丈 (zǐzhàng)
姊兒／姊儿
姊兒倆／姊儿俩
姊夫
姊妹
姊姊
姑姊
妻姊妹婚
姊妹市 (zǐmèishì)
姊妹校
姊妹盟
姊妹行
家姊
手帕姊妹
母姊會／母姊会
胞姊
胞姊妹
表姊 (biǎozǐ)
賢姊／贤姊
阿姊
香火姊妹

References

“姊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji in this term
姊
Hyōgaiji

For pronunciation and definitions of 姊 – see the following entry.

【姉あね】2

[noun] elder sister

Alternative spelling
姐

(This term, 姊, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

姊 (eumhun 손윗누이 자 (sonwinnu'i ja))

Older sister

Compounds

姊妹 (자매)
姊妹結緣 (자매결연)
姊妹校 (자매교)
姊妹機關 (자매기관)
姊妹船 (자매선)
姊妹新聞 (자매신문)
姊妹語 (자매어)
姊妹篇 (자매편)
姊妹學校 (자매학교)
姊妹會社 (자매회사)

Vietnamese

Han character

姊: Hán Nôm readings: tỉ, tỷ, chị

honorific for a woman older than speaker ("older sister" but not necessarily blood-related)

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