太原

Chinese

		too (much); very; extremely too (much); very; extremely; highest; greatest	former; original; primary former; original; primary; raw; level; cause; source
simp. and trad. (太原)		太	原

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Tàiyuán

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄞˋ ㄩㄢˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): taai³ jyun⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): hai¹ ngun³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Thai-ngièn / Thai-ngiàn

(Meixian, Guangdong): tai⁴ ngian²
Jin (Wiktionary): tai³ ye¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Thài-goân

(Teochew, Peng'im): tai³ nguang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Tàiyuán
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄞˋ ㄩㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Tàiyuán
  - Wade–Giles: Tʻai⁴-yüan²
  - Yale: Tài-ywán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tayyuan
  - Palladius: Тайюань (Tajjuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: taai³ jyun⁴
  - Yale: taai yùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: taai³ jyn⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tai³ yun⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːi̯³³ jyːn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: hai¹ ngun³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai³³ ᵑɡun²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thai-ngièn
  - Hakka Romanization System: tai ngienˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴ ngian²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thai-ngiàn
  - Hakka Romanization System: tai ngianˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴ ngian²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯an¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: tai⁴ ngian²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋian¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: tai³ ye¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰxai⁴⁵ ye¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Thài-goân
  - Tâi-lô: Thài-guân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tae'goaan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡuan²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡuan²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tai³ nguang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thài nguâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: thajH ngjwon

Rime
Character	太	原
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	他蓋切	愚袁切
Baxter	thajH	ngjwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑi^H/	/ŋʉɐn/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑi^H/	/ŋʷiɐn/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑi^H/	/ŋiuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰaj^H/	/ŋuan/
Li Rong	/tʰɑi^H/	/ŋiuɐn/
Wang Li	/tʰɑi^H/	/ŋĭwɐn/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰɑi^H/	/ŋi̯wɐn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tài	yuán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taai³	jyun⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤa[t]-s N-ɢʷar/

(Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːds ŋʷan/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	太	原	原
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tài	yuán	yuán
Middle Chinese	‹ thaj^H ›	‹ ngjwon ›	‹ ngjwon ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁa[t]-s/	/*N-ɢʷar/	/*N-ɢʷar/
English	great	spring, source; origin	high plain (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	太	原
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	1937	16186
Phonetic component	大	原
Rime group	祭	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	泰	元
Old Chinese	/*tʰaːds/	/*ŋʷan/
Notes		金文象泉源，爲源初文

Proper noun

太原

(～市) Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, provincial capital, and largest city in Shanxi, in northern China)
(～省) Thái Nguyên (a province of Vietnam)
(～市) Thái Nguyên (a city in Vietnam)

Derived terms

太原話／太原话 (tàiyuánhuà)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
太	原
たい Grade: 2	げん Grade: 2
on’yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ta̠iɡẽ̞ɴ]

Proper noun

太(たい)原(げん) • (Taigen)

Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Shanxi, in northern China)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
太	原

Proper noun

太原

chữ Hán form of Thái Nguyên (“Thái Nguyên”).

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