just; honourable; public just; honourable; public; common; fair; duke; mister |
clear; bright; to understand clear; bright; to understand; next; the Ming dynasty | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (公明) | 公 | 明 | |
| simp. #(公明) | 公 | 明 | |
| anagram | 明公 | ||
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|---|
edit 公明功名 |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 公 | 明 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) | 庚 (111) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 古紅切 | 武兵切 |
| Baxter | kuwng | mjaeng |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kuŋ/ | /mˠiæŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kuŋ/ | /mᵚiaŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kuŋ/ | /miaŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kəwŋ/ | /miajŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/kuŋ/ | /miɐŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/kuŋ/ | /mĭɐŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kuŋ/ | /mi̯ɐŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
gōng | míng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
gung1 | ming4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 公 | 公 | 明 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
gōng | gōng | míng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kuwng › | ‹ kuwng › | ‹ mjæng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.qˁoŋ/ | /*C.qˁoŋ/ | /*mraŋ/ |
| English | impartial, just; public | father; prince | bright |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 公 | 明 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 4092 | 9188 |
| Phonetic component |
公 | 明 |
| Rime group |
東 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
公 | 明 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kloːŋ/ | /*mraŋ/ |