偶爾

Chinese
 
accidental; image; pair
accidental; image; pair; mate
 
thus; so; like that
thus; so; like that; you; thou
trad. (偶爾) 偶 爾
simp. (偶尔) 偶 尔

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 偶 爾
Reading # 2/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 侯 (137) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 五遘切 兒氏切
Baxter nguwH nyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋəuH/ /ȵiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋəuH/ /ȵiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋəuH/ /ȵʑjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋəwH/ /ȵiə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /ŋuH/ /ȵieX/
Wang
Li		 /ŋəuH/ /ȵʑǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋə̯uH/ /ȵʑie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 òu ěr
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 ngau6 ji5

Adverb

偶爾

  1. now and then; from time to time; sometimes
    我偶爾去健身房。 [MSC, trad.]
    我偶尔去健身房。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ ǒu'ěr qù jiànshēnfáng. [Pinyin]
    I go to the gym every now and then.

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 有時 (“sometimes; at times; now and then”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 有時, 有時候, 偶爾, 間或
Mandarin Beijing 晃晃兒
Taiwan 有時候
Jinan 有時候
Xi'an 有時候兒
Chengdu 久不久, 時不時
Xuzhou 時早晚兒, 時不早晚兒, 時不時
Singapore 有時候
Cantonese Guangzhou 有陣時, 間中, 間或, 耐不耐, 耐唔耐, 耐耐, 耐時, 耐中, 耐唔中, 久時久, 久唔久, 久不久
Hong Kong 有時, 有陣時, 有時候, 間中, 間唔中, 間唔時, 耐唔耐, 耐耐, 耐不耐, 耐唔時, 久唔久, 久不久, 一時時, 時不時
Dongguan 耐不耐, 久久
Gan Nanchang 有時間
Pingxiang 有時會
Hakka Meixian 間中, 下把仔, 成下仔
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 有成時, 成時, 成擺, 一半下
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 有成時, 下把仔, 有時節, 成時, 成下仔, 成擺
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 有成時, 成時, 下把, 成下, 成擺, 一半下
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 有成時, 成半下, 成時, 下把, 下把下, 成下, 成擺, 一半下
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 有成時, 成時, 下把, 成下, 成擺, 一半下
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 有時務, 一半下, 一半時務, 一半擺
Southern Min Xiamen 有時陣, 有當時, 拄陣, 拄時陣
Quanzhou 有時陣, 拄陣, 拄時陣
Shishi 有陣
Zhangzhou 有時陣, 有時仔, 有當時
Tainan 有當時仔, 有時陣, 拄時陣, 拄著仔, 有時仔 GT, 有時 GT, 罕罕仔 GT
Singapore (Hokkien) 有當時, 有時陣
Manila (Hokkien) 有時陣, 有陣仔, 有陣時, 有陣
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 耐耐
Wu Shanghai 有常時, 有辰光, 常時, 難板, 有常
Shanghai (Chongming) 有常時, 有辰光
Hangzhou 有時光
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Antonyms

Adjective

偶爾

  1. occasional; infrequent; intermittent; irregular

Japanese
Kanji in this term
偶 爾
ぐう
Grade: S		 じ
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Etymology

From 偶(ぐう) (gū, “by chance”) + 爾(じ) (ji, “situation”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

偶(ぐう)爾(じ) • (gūji) †-nari

  1. by accident; by chance
    • 1911, Inazō Nitobe, 修(しゅう)養(よう) (Shūyō) [Cultivation of the mind]:
      これは自(じ)分(ぶん)の専(せん)門(もん)学(がく)の余(よ)暇(か)に、ただ偶(ぐう)爾(じ)の随(ずい)感(かん)随(ずい)想(そう)を述(の)べたるに過(す)ぎざれば、 […]
      Kore wa jibun no senmongaku no yoka ni, tada gūji no zuikan-zuisō o nobetaru ni sugizareba, […]
      (please add an English translation of this example)

Inflection
Classical conjugation of "偶爾なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 偶爾ならぐうじならguuzinara
Continuative (連用形) 偶爾に[1]
偶爾なり[2]		ぐうじに
ぐうじなり		guuzini
guuzinari
Terminal (終止形) 偶爾なりぐうじなりguuzinari
Attributive (連体形) 偶爾なるぐうじなるguuzinaru
Realis (已然形) 偶爾なれぐうじなれguuzinare
Imperative (命令形) 偶爾なれぐうじなれguuzinare
Key constructions
Negative 偶爾ならずぐうじならずguuzinarazu
Contrasting conjunction 偶爾なれどぐうじなれどguuzinaredo
Causal conjunction 偶爾なればぐうじなればguuzinareba
Conditional conjunction 偶爾ならばぐうじならばguuzinaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 偶爾なりきぐうじなりきguuzinariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 偶爾なりけりぐうじなりけりguuzinarikeri
Adverbial 偶爾にぐうじにguuzini
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

Adjective

偶(ぐう)爾(じ) • (gūji) †-tari (adnominal 偶(ぐう)爾(じ)とした (gūji to shita) or 偶(ぐう)爾(じ)たる (gūji taru), adverbial 偶(ぐう)爾(じ)と (gūji to) or 偶(ぐう)爾(じ)として (gūji to shite))

  1. by accident; by chance

Inflection
Classical conjugation of "偶爾たり" (タリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 偶爾たらぐうじたらguuzitara
Continuative (連用形) 偶爾と[1]
偶爾たり[2]		ぐうじと
ぐうじたり		guuzito
guuzitari
Terminal (終止形) 偶爾たりぐうじたりguuzitari
Attributive (連体形) 偶爾たるぐうじたるguuzitaru
Realis (已然形) 偶爾たれぐうじたれguuzitare
Imperative (命令形) 偶爾たれぐうじたれguuzitare
Key constructions
Negative 偶爾たらずぐうじたらずguuzitarazu
Contrasting conjunction 偶爾たれどぐうじたれどguuzitaredo
Causal conjunction 偶爾たればぐうじたればguuzitareba
Conditional conjunction 偶爾たらばぐうじたらばguuzitaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 偶爾たりきぐうじたりきguuzitariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 偶爾たりけりぐうじたりけりguuzitarikeri
Adverbial 偶爾とぐうじとguuzito
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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