供える
Japanese
Kanji in this term |
---|
供 |
そな Grade: 6 |
kun’yomi |
Etymology
Cognate with 備える (sonaeru).
Verb
供える • (sonaeru) ←そなへる (sonaferu)?transitive ichidan (stem 供え (sonae), past 供えた (sonaeta))
- to offer, to sacrifice, to dedicate
- 2019 November 13, “〈代替わり考 大嘗祭〉(上) 密室で安寧と豊穣祈り”, in 東京新聞 (東京新聞) [Tokyō Shimbun]:
- 内陣は天皇陛下が皇祖神とされる天照大神と神々に神饌(神の食事)を供える部屋で、中央に畳表と坂枕、覆衾(絹の布)を重ねた「寝座」が設けられる。
- Naijin wa tennō-heika ga kōsoshin to sareru Amaterasu-ōmikami to kamigami ni shinsen (kami no shokuji) o sonaeru heya de, chūō ni tatami-omote to saka-makura, o-fusuma (kinu no nuno) o kasaneta “shinza” ga mōkerareru.
- The Naijin is a room in which His Imperial Majesty offers shinsen (food for the gods) to Amaterasu-Ōmikami, who is believed to be an ancestral god of the Emperor, and other gods, and in the center is placed a Shinza, made by piling up tatami matting, Sakamakura and Ofusuma (silk cloth).
- 内陣は天皇陛下が皇祖神とされる天照大神と神々に神饌(神の食事)を供える部屋で、中央に畳表と坂枕、覆衾(絹の布)を重ねた「寝座」が設けられる。
- 2019 March 26, “樹木希林さん「夫をよろしく」内田裕也さん託した最後の女性”, in 女性自身 (女性自身) [Josei Jishin]:
- 樹木希林さん(享年75)が眠る東京都港区・光林寺の墓前には、鮮やかなピンク色のチューリップが供えられていた。
- Kiki Kirin-san (kyōnen nanajūgo) ga nemuru Tōkyō-to Minato-ku Kōrin-ji no bozen ni wa, azayaka na pinku iro no chūrippu ga sonaerarete ita.
- Vivid pink tulips were offered in front of the tomb at Kōrin-ji Temple in Minato-ku, Tokyo, where Mrs. Kirin Kiki (died age 75) is buried.
- 樹木希林さん(享年75)が眠る東京都港区・光林寺の墓前には、鮮やかなピンク色のチューリップが供えられていた。
Conjugation
Conjugation of "供える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 供え | そなえ | sonae | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 供え | そなえ | sonae | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 供える | そなえる | sonaeru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 供える | そなえる | sonaeru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 供えれ | そなえれ | sonaere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 供えよ¹ 供えろ² |
そなえよ¹ そなえろ² |
sonaeyo¹ sonaero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 供えられる | そなえられる | sonaerareru | |
Causative | 供えさせる 供えさす |
そなえさせる そなえさす |
sonaesaseru sonaesasu | |
Potential | 供えられる 供えれる³ |
そなえられる そなえれる³ |
sonaerareru sonaereru³ | |
Volitional | 供えよう | そなえよう | sonaeyō | |
Negative | 供えない 供えぬ 供えん |
そなえない そなえぬ そなえん |
sonaenai sonaenu sonaen | |
Negative continuative | 供えず | そなえず | sonaezu | |
Formal | 供えます | そなえます | sonaemasu | |
Perfective | 供えた | そなえた | sonaeta | |
Conjunctive | 供えて | そなえて | sonaete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 供えれば | そなえれば | sonaereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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