下工夫

Chinese

		under; next; lower under; next; lower; below; underneath; down(wards); to go down; latter	time and effort taken to perform a task; work
simp. and trad. (下工夫)		下	工夫
alternative forms		下功夫

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xià gōngfu

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ˙ㄈㄨ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haa⁶ gung¹ fu¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hē-kang-hu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xià gōngfu
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ˙ㄈㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sià gongfů
  - Wade–Giles: hsia⁴ kung¹-fu⁵
  - Yale: syà gūng-fu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiah gong.fu
  - Palladius: ся гунфу (sja gunfu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ä⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ fu²/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: haa⁶ gung¹ fu¹
  - Yale: hah gūng fū
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haa⁶ gung¹ fu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ha⁶ gung¹ fu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haː²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ fuː⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hē-kang-hu
  - Tâi-lô: hē-kang-hu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hexkanghw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /he²²⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /he⁴¹⁻²² kaŋ³³ hu³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /he²²⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /he³³⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /he³³⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hu⁴⁴/

Verb

下⫽工夫 (verb-object)

to put in time and energy

Synonyms

(Hainanese) 落工夫

Related terms

埋頭／埋头 (máitóu)

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