三更

Chinese

		three	to change; more; even more to change; more; even more; further; still; still more
simp. and trad. (三更)		三	更

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sāngēng, sānjīng

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄢㄍㄥ, ㄙㄢㄐㄧㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): saam¹ gaang¹, saam¹ gang¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sâm-kâng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): saⁿ-kiⁿ / saⁿ-keⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): san¹ gên¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sāngēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄢㄍㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sangeng
  - Wade–Giles: san¹-kêng¹
  - Yale: sān-gēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sangeng
  - Palladius: саньгэн (sanʹgɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sän⁵⁵ kɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sānjīng
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄢㄐㄧㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sanjing
  - Wade–Giles: san¹-ching¹
  - Yale: sān-jīng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sanjing
  - Palladius: саньцзин (sanʹczin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: saam¹ gaang¹, saam¹ gang¹
  - Yale: sāam gāang, sāam gāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: saam¹ gaang¹, saam¹ gang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sam¹ gang¹, sam¹ geng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːm⁵⁵ kaːŋ⁵⁵/, /saːm⁵⁵ kɐŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sâm-kâng
  - Hakka Romanization System: sam´ gang´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sam¹ gang¹
  - Sinological IPA: /sam²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-kiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: sann-kinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sva'kvy
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sã³³ kĩ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sã⁴⁴⁻²² kĩ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-keⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: sann-kenn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sva'kvef
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sã⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ̃⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kẽ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: san¹ gên¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: saⁿ keⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sã³³⁻²³ kẽ³³/

Noun

三更

third watch (between 11:00pm and 1:00am); midnight

Derived terms

三更半夜
三更半暝
三更四鼓
三更燈火五更雞／三更灯火五更鸡 (sāngēng dēnghuǒ wǔgēng jī)
半夜三更
半暝三更
夜半三更 (yèbànsāngēng)
閻王叫你三更死，誰敢留人到五更／阎王叫你三更死，谁敢留人到五更 (Yánwáng jiào nǐ sāngēng sǐ, shéi gǎn liú rén dào wǔgēng)

Related terms

初更 (chūgēng)
二更 (èrgēng)
四更 (sìgēng)
五更 (wǔgēng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (三更):

→ Japanese: 三更(さんこう) (sankō)
→ Korean: 삼경(三更) (samgyeong)

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