ἀσφάραγος
Ancient Greek
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /as.pʰá.ra.ɡos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /asˈpʰa.ra.ɡos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /asˈɸa.ra.ɣos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /asˈfa.ra.ɣos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /asˈfa.ra.ɣos/
Etymology 1
Furnée connects the word with φάραγξ (pháranx, “gorge, ravine”) and μάραγοι (máragoi, “overhanging places”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.
Alternative forms
- σφάραγγος (sphárangos)
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγος ho aspháragos |
τὼ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γω tṑ aspharágō |
οἱ ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγοι hoi aspháragoi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γου toû aspharágou |
τοῖν ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γοιν toîn aspharágoin |
τῶν ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γων tôn aspharágōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γῳ tôi aspharágōi |
τοῖν ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γοιν toîn aspharágoin |
τοῖς ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γοις toîs aspharágois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγον tòn aspháragon |
τὼ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γω tṑ aspharágō |
τοὺς ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γους toùs aspharágous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγε asphárage |
ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γω aspharágō |
ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγοι aspháragoi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Etymology 2
Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pregʰ- (“to jerk, to scatter”) (Latin spargo), but Beekes rejects this, citing a Pre-Greek origin due to the presence of the variation "π/φ"
Alternative forms
- ἀσπάραγος (aspáragos)
Noun
ἀσφάρᾰγος • (aspháragos) m (genitive ἀσφᾰράγου); second declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγος ho aspháragos |
τὼ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γω tṑ aspharágō |
οἱ ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγοι hoi aspháragoi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γου toû aspharágou |
τοῖν ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γοιν toîn aspharágoin |
τῶν ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γων tôn aspharágōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γῳ tôi aspharágōi |
τοῖν ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γοιν toîn aspharágoin |
τοῖς ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γοις toîs aspharágois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγον tòn aspháragon |
τὼ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γω tṑ aspharágō |
τοὺς ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γους toùs aspharágous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγε asphárage |
ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γω aspharágō |
ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγοι aspháragoi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἀσφαραγία (aspharagía)
- ἀσφαραγωνία (aspharagōnía)
Descendants
- Latin: asparagus (see there for further descendants)
Further reading
- “ἀσφάραγος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἀσφάραγος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἀσφάραγος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἀσφάραγος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἀσφάραγος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἀσφάραγος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
References
- Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
- Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
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