साधना

Hindi

Pronunciation
  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /sɑːd̪ʱ.nɑː/, [säːd̪ʱ.näː]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Hindi साधना (sādhanā), from Sanskrit साध्नोति (sādhnoti, “to accomplish”).

Verb

साधना • (sādhnā) (transitive, Urdu spelling سَادْھنَا)

  1. to accomplish, acquire knowledge of
  2. to practice, attempt
  3. to aim at; shoot at
    उसने अपनी बंदूक़ जानवर पे साधी।
    usne apnī bandūq jānvar pe sādhī.
    He aimed his gun at the animal.
    निशाना साधना ― niśānā sādhnā ― to aim at the target
Conjugation
Impersonal forms of साधना
Undeclined
Stem साध
sādh
Infinitive साधना
sādhnā
Oblique Infinitive साधने
sādhne
Conjunctive साधकर, साधके
sādhkar, sādhke
Progressive साधते-साधते
sādhte-sādhte
Participles
dir m s m p
obl m s		 f s f p
Infinitive साधना
sādhnā		 साधने
sādhne		 साधनी
sādhnī		 साधनीं
sādhnī̃
Habitual साधता
sādhtā		 साधते
sādhte		 साधती
sādhtī		 साधतीं
sādhtī̃
Perfective साधा
sādhā		 साधे
sādhe		 साधी
sādhī		 साधीं
sādhī̃
Prospective
Agentive		 साधनेवाला
sādhnevālā		 साधनेवाले
sādhnevāle		 साधनेवाली
sādhnevālī		 साधनेवालीं
sādhnevālī̃
Adjectival Perfective साधा हुआ
sādhā huā		 साधे हुए
sādhe hue		 साधी हुई
sādhī huī		 साधी हुईं
sādhī huī̃
Habitual साधता हुआ
sādhtā huā		 साधते हुए
sādhte hue		 साधती हुई
sādhtī huī		 साधती हुईं
sādhtī huī̃
Personal forms of साधना
Non-Aspectual
Singular Plural
1st
मैं		 2nd
तू		 3rd
यह/वह, ये/वो		 2nd
तुम		 1st
हम		 3rd, 2nd
ये/वो/वे, आप
Indicative PERF m साधा
sādhā		 साधे
sādhe
f साधी
sādhī		 साधीं
sādhī̃
FUT m साधूँगा
sādhūṅgā		 साधेगा
sādhegā		 साधोगे
sādhoge		 साधेंगे
sādheṅge
f साधूँगी
sādhūṅgī		 साधेगी
sādhegī		 साधोगी
sādhogī		 साधेंगी
sādheṅgī
Subjunctive FUT m
f		 साधूँ
sādhū̃		 साधे
sādhe		 साधो
sādho		 साधें
sādhẽ
Contrafactual PST m साधता
sādhtā		 साधते
sādhte
f साधती
sādhtī		 साधतीं
sādhtī̃
Imperative PRS m
f		 साध
sādh		 साधो
sādho		 साधिये1
sādhiye1
FUT m
f		 साधियो
sādhiyo		 साधना
sādhnā		 साधियेगा1
sādhiyegā1
Habitual Aspect
Indicative PRS m साधता हूँ
sādhtā hū̃		 साधता है
sādhtā hai		 साधते हो
sādhte ho		 साधते हैं
sādhte ha͠i
f साधती हूँ
sādhtī hū̃		 साधती है
sādhtī hai		 साधती हो
sādhtī ho		 साधती हैं
sādhtī ha͠i
PST m साधता था
sādhtā thā		 साधते थे
sādhte the
f साधती थी
sādhtī thī		 साधती थीं
sādhtī thī̃
Presumptive PRS
PST		 m साधता हूँगा
sādhtā hūṅgā		 साधता होगा
sādhtā hogā		 साधते होगे
sādhte hoge		 साधते होंगे
sādhte hoṅge
f साधती हूँगी
sādhtī hūṅgī		 साधती होगी
sādhtī hogī		 साधती होगी
sādhtī hogī		 साधती होंगी
sādhtī hoṅgī
Subjunctive PRS m साधता हूँ
sādhtā hū̃		 साधता हो
sādhtā ho		 साधते हो
sādhte ho		 साधते हों
sādhte hõ
f साधती हूँ
sādhtī hū̃		 साधती हो
sādhtī ho		 साधती हो
sādhtī ho		 साधती हों
sādhtī hõ
Contrafactual PST m साधता होता
sādhtā hotā		 साधते होते
sādhte hote
f साधती होती
sādhtī hotī		 साधती होतीं
sādhtī hotī̃
Perfective Aspect
Singular Plural
1st
मैं		 2nd
तू		 3rd
यह/वह, ये/वो		 2nd
तुम		 1st
हम		 3rd, 2nd
ये/वो/वे, आप
Indicative PRS m साधा हूँ
sādhā hū̃		 साधा है
sādhā hai		 साधे हो
sādhe ho		 साधे हैं
sādhe ha͠i
f साधी हूँ
sādhī hū̃		 साधी है
sādhī hai		 साधी हो
sādhī ho		 साधी हैं
sādhī ha͠i
PST m साधा था
sādhā thā		 साधे थे
sādhe the
f साधी थी
sādhī thī		 साधी थीं
sādhī thī̃
FUT m साधा हूँगा
sādhā hūṅgā		 साधा होगा
sādhā hogā		 साधे होगे
sādhe hoge		 साधे होंगे
sādhe hoṅge
f साधी हूँगी
sādhī hūṅgī		 साधी होगी
sādhī hogī		 साधी होगी
sādhī hogī		 साधी होंगी
sādhī hoṅgī
Presumptive PRS
PST		 m साधा हूँगा
sādhā hūṅgā		 साधा होगा
sādhā hogā		 साधे होगे
sādhe hoge		 साधे होंगे
sādhe hoṅge
f साधी हूँगी
sādhī hūṅgī		 साधी होगी
sādhī hogī		 साधी होगी
sādhī hogī		 साधी होंगी
sādhī hoṅgī
Subjunctive PRS m साधा हूँ
sādhā hū̃		 साधा हो
sādhā ho		 साधे हो
sādhe ho		 साधे हों
sādhe hõ
f साधी हूँ
sādhī hū̃		 साधी हो
sādhī ho		 साधी हो
sādhī ho		 साधी हों
sādhī hõ
FUT m साधा होऊँ
sādhā hoū̃		 साधा होए
sādhā hoe		 साधे होओ
sādhe hoo		 साधे होएँ
sādhe hoẽ
f साधी होऊँ
sādhī hoū̃		 साधी होए
sādhī hoe		 साधी होओ
sādhī hoo		 साधी होएँ
sādhī hoẽ
Contrafactual PST m साधा होता
sādhā hotā		 साधे होते
sādhe hote
f साधी होती
sādhī hotī		 साधी होतीं
sādhī hotī̃
Progressive Aspect
Indicative PRS m साध रहा हूँ
sādh rahā hū̃		 साध रहा है
sādh rahā hai		 साध रहे हो
sādh rahe ho		 साध रहे हैं
sādh rahe ha͠i
f साध रही हूँ
sādh rahī hū̃		 साध रही है
sādh rahī hai		 साध रही हो
sādh rahī ho		 साध रही हैं
sādh rahī ha͠i
PST m साध रहा था
sādh rahā thā		 साध रहे थे
sādh rahe the
f साध रही थी
sādh rahī thī		 साध रही थीं
sādh rahī thī̃
FUT m साध रहा हूँगा
sādh rahā hūṅgā		 साध रहा होगा
sādh rahā hogā		 साध रहे होगे
sādh rahe hoge		 साध रहे होंगे
sādh rahe hoṅge
f साध रही हूँगी
sādh rahī hūṅgī		 साध रही होगी
sādh rahī hogī		 साध रही होगी
sādh rahī hogī		 साध रही होंगी
sādh rahī hoṅgī
Presumptive PRS
PST
FUT		 m साध रहा हूँगा
sādh rahā hūṅgā		 साध रहा होगा
sādh rahā hogā		 साध रहे होगे
sādh rahe hoge		 साध रहे होंगे
sādh rahe hoṅge
f साध रही हूँगी
sādh rahī hūṅgī		 साध रही होगी
sādh rahī hogī		 साध रही होगी
sādh rahī hogī		 साध रही होंगी
sādh rahī hoṅgī
Subjunctive PRS m साध रहा हूँ
sādh rahā hū̃		 साध रहा हो
sādh rahā ho		 साध रहे हो
sādh rahe ho		 साध रहे हों
sādh rahe hõ
f साध रही हूँ
sādh rahī hū̃		 साध रही हो
sādh rahī ho		 साध रही हो
sādh rahī ho		 साध रही हों
sādh rahī hõ
FUT m साध रहा होऊँ
sādh rahā hoū̃		 साध रहा होए
sādh rahā hoe		 साध रहे होओ
sādh rahe hoo		 साध रहे होएँ
sādh rahe hoẽ
f साध रही होऊँ
sādh rahī hoū̃		 साध रही होए
sādh rahī hoe		 साध रही होओ
sādh rahī hoo		 साध रही होएँ
sādh rahī hoẽ
Contrafactual PST m साध रहा होता
sādh rahā hotā		 साध रहे होते
sādh rahe hote
f साध रही होती
sādh rahī hotī		 साध रही होतीं
sādh rahī hotī̃
1st
मैं		 2nd
तू		 3rd
यह/वह, ये/वो		 2nd
तुम		 1st
हम		 3rd, 2nd
ये/वो/वे, आप
Singular Plural

1The forms साधिये (sādhiye) and साधियेगा (sādhiyegā) can also be spelled without the y: साधिए (sādhie) and साधिएगा (sādhiegā).

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit साधना (sādhanā).

Noun

साधना • (sādhnā) f (Urdu spelling سَادْھنَا)

  1. meditation
  2. penance
Declension
Declension of साधना (fem ā-stem)
singular plural
direct साधना
sādhnā		 साधनाएँ
sādhnāẽ
oblique साधना
sādhnā		 साधनाओं
sādhnāõ
vocative साधना
sādhnā		 साधनाओ
sādhnāo

Further reading

Old Hindi

Alternative forms
  • सांधना (sā̃dhanā)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit साध्नोति (sādhnoti). Compare Old Punjabi ਸਾਧਿ (sādhi), Old Marathi 𑘭𑘰𑘠𑘜𑘹 (sādhaṇe).

Verb

साधना (sādhanā)

  1. to fulfil, practice, prove
  2. to plait, braid

Descendants
  • Hindustani: sādhnā
    Hindi: साधना
    Urdu: سَادْھنَا (sādhnā)

Further reading
  • Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC, page 568
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sādhnṓti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 770

Sanskrit

Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
  • সাধনা (Assamese script)
  • ᬲᬵᬥᬦᬵ (Balinese script)
  • সাধনা (Bengali script)
  • 𑰭𑰯𑰠𑰡𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀦𑀸 (Brahmi script)
  • သာဓနာ (Burmese script)
  • સાધના (Gujarati script)
  • ਸਾਧਨਾ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌸𑌾𑌧𑌨𑌾 (Grantha script)
  • ꦱꦴꦣꦤꦴ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂮𑂰𑂡𑂢𑂰 (Kaithi script)
  • ಸಾಧನಾ (Kannada script)
  • សាធនា (Khmer script)
  • ສາຘນາ (Lao script)
  • സാധനാ (Malayalam script)
  • ᠰᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢡᠠᠨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘭𑘰𑘠𑘡𑘰 (Modi script)
  • ᠰᠠᢗᢑᠾᠠᠨᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧍𑧑𑧀𑧁𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐳𑐵𑐢𑐣𑐵 (Newa script)
  • ସାଧନା (Odia script)
  • ꢱꢵꢤꢥꢵ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆱𑆳𑆣𑆤𑆳 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖭𑖯𑖠𑖡𑖯 (Siddham script)
  • සාධනා (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑪁𑩛𑩮𑩯𑩛 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚨𑚭𑚜𑚝𑚭 (Takri script)
  • ஸாத⁴நா (Tamil script)
  • సాధనా (Telugu script)
  • สาธนา (Thai script)
  • སཱ་དྷ་ནཱ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒮𑒰𑒡𑒢𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨰𑨊𑨜𑨝𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root साध् (sādh) +‎ -अना (-anā).

Pronunciation

Noun

साधना • (sādhanā) stem, f

  1. performance
  2. accomplishment

Declension
Feminine ā-stem declension of साधना (sādhanā)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative साधना
sādhanā		 साधने
sādhane		 साधनाः
sādhanāḥ
Vocative साधने
sādhane		 साधने
sādhane		 साधनाः
sādhanāḥ
Accusative साधनाम्
sādhanām		 साधने
sādhane		 साधनाः
sādhanāḥ
Instrumental साधनया / साधना¹
sādhanayā / sādhanā¹		 साधनाभ्याम्
sādhanābhyām		 साधनाभिः
sādhanābhiḥ
Dative साधनायै
sādhanāyai		 साधनाभ्याम्
sādhanābhyām		 साधनाभ्यः
sādhanābhyaḥ
Ablative साधनायाः / साधनायै²
sādhanāyāḥ / sādhanāyai²		 साधनाभ्याम्
sādhanābhyām		 साधनाभ्यः
sādhanābhyaḥ
Genitive साधनायाः / साधनायै²
sādhanāyāḥ / sādhanāyai²		 साधनयोः
sādhanayoḥ		 साधनानाम्
sādhanānām
Locative साधनायाम्
sādhanāyām		 साधनयोः
sādhanayoḥ		 साधनासु
sādhanāsu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

References
  • Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “sādhanā”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
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