मेघ

Braj

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मेघ (megha).

Noun

मेघ (megh) m

cloud
(specifically) a raincloud
पावस सघन आए, मेघन गगन छाए ― pāvas saghan āe, meghna gagan chāe ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मेघ (megha). Doublet of मेंह (mẽh).

Pronunciation

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /meːɡʱ/

Noun

मेघ • (megh) m (Urdu spelling میگھ)

cloud
Synonym: बादल (bādal)

Declension

Declension of मेघ (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	मेघ megh	मेघ megh
oblique	मेघ megh	मेघों meghõ
vocative	मेघ megh	मेघो megho

Proper noun

मेघ • (megh) m (Urdu spelling میگھ)

(Indian classical music) a monsoon raga of the Kafi thaat

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मेघ (megha).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /meɡʱ/

Noun

मेघ • (megh) m

cloud

Declension

Declension of मेघ (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	मेघ megh
direct plural	मेघ megh
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	मेघ megh	मेघ megh
oblique सामान्यरूप	मेघा meghā	मेघां- meghān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	मेघाला meghālā	मेघांना meghānnā
ergative	मेघाने, मेघानं meghāne, meghāna	मेघांनी meghānnī
instrumental	मेघाशी meghāśī	मेघांशी meghānśī
locative सप्तमी	मेघात meghāt	मेघांत meghāt
vocative संबोधन	मेघा meghā	मेघांनो meghānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of मेघ (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	मेघाचा meghāċā	मेघाचे meghāċe	मेघाची meghācī	मेघाच्या meghācā	मेघाचे, मेघाचं meghāċe, meghāċa	मेघाची meghācī	मेघाच्या meghācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	मेघांचा meghānċā	मेघांचे meghānċe	मेघांची meghāñcī	मेघांच्या meghāncā	मेघांचे, मेघांचं meghānċe, meghānċa	मेघांची meghāñcī	मेघांच्या meghāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

Berntsen, Maxine, “मेघ”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “मेघ”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “मेघ”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

Pali

Alternative forms

megha (Latin script)
𑀫𑁂𑀖 (Brahmi script)
মেঘ (Bengali script)
මෙඝ (Sinhalese script)
မေဃ or မေꧠ (Burmese script)
เมฆ or เมฆะ (Thai script)
ᨾᩮᨥ (Tai Tham script)
ເມຆ or ເມຆະ (Lao script)
មេឃ (Khmer script)
𑄟𑄬𑄊 (Chakma script)

Noun

मेघ m

Devanagari script form of megha

Declension

Declension table of "मेघ" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	मेघो (megho)	मेघा (meghā)
Accusative (second)	मेघं (meghaṃ)	मेघे (meghe)
Instrumental (third)	मेघेन (meghena)	मेघेहि (meghehi) or मेघेभि (meghebhi)
Dative (fourth)	मेघस्स (meghassa) or मेघाय (meghāya) or मेघत्थं (meghatthaṃ)	मेघानं (meghānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	मेघस्मा (meghasmā) or मेघम्हा (meghamhā) or मेघा (meghā)	मेघेहि (meghehi) or मेघेभि (meghebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	मेघस्स (meghassa)	मेघानं (meghānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	मेघस्मिं (meghasmiṃ) or मेघम्हि (meghamhi) or मेघे (meghe)	मेघेसु (meghesu)
Vocative (calling)	मेघ (megha)	मेघा (meghā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

মেঘ (Assamese script)
ᬫᬾᬖ (Balinese script)
মেঘ (Bengali script)
𑰦𑰸𑰑 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀫𑁂𑀖 (Brahmi script)
မေဃ (Burmese script)
મેઘ (Gujarati script)
ਮੇਘ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌮𑍇𑌘 (Grantha script)
ꦩꦺꦓ (Javanese script)
𑂧𑂵𑂐 (Kaithi script)
ಮೇಘ (Kannada script)
មេឃ (Khmer script)
ເມຆ (Lao script)
മേഘ (Malayalam script)
ᠮᡝᢚᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘦𑘹𑘑 (Modi script)
ᠮᠧᠺᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧆𑧚𑦱 (Nandinagari script)
𑐩𑐾𑐑 (Newa script)
ମେଘ (Odia script)
ꢪꢾꢕ (Saurashtra script)
𑆩𑆼𑆔 (Sharada script)
𑖦𑖸𑖑 (Siddham script)
මෙඝ (Sinhalese script)
𑩴𑩔𑩟 (Soyombo script)
𑚢𑚲𑚍 (Takri script)
மேக⁴ (Tamil script)
మేఘ (Telugu script)
เมฆ (Thai script)
མེ་གྷ (Tibetan script)
𑒧𑒹𑒒 (Tirhuta script)
𑨢𑨄𑨎 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hmaygʰás (“cloud”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃moygʰ-ós, from *h₃meygʰ- (“fog, cloud”).

Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬖𐬀 (maēγa, “cloud”), Persian (miğ, “cloud, fog”), Old Armenian մէգ (mēg), Ancient Greek ὀμίχλη (omíkhlē, “mist, fog”), Russian мгла (mgla), Albanian mjegull, English mist.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɐj.ɡʱɐ́/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmeː.ɡʱɐ/

Noun

मेघ • (meghá) stem, m

a cloud
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.181.8:
  उ॒त स्या वां॒ रुश॑तो॒ वप्स॑सो॒ गीस्त्रि॑ब॒र्हिषि॒ सद॑सि पिन्वते॒ नॄन् ।
  वृषा॑ वां मे॒घो वृ॑षणा पीपाय॒ गोर्न सेके॒ मनु॑षो दश॒स्यन् ॥
  utá syā́ vāṃ rúśato vápsaso gī́stribarhíṣi sádasi pinvate nṝ́n.
  vṛ́ṣā vāṃ meghó vṛṣaṇā pīpāya górná séke mánuṣo daśasyán.
  May the praise of your resplendent forms, uttered in the hall of sacrifice, thrice strewn with sacred grass, bring prosperity to the conductors of the sacrifice. Showerers of benefits, may the raining-cloud, proceeding to man, nourish him like a sprinkling of water.
a mass, multitude
(in music) a particular rāga

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मेघ (meghá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मेघः megháḥ	मेघौ / मेघा¹ meghaú / meghā́¹	मेघाः / मेघासः¹ meghā́ḥ / meghā́saḥ¹
Vocative	मेघ mégha	मेघौ / मेघा¹ méghau / méghā¹	मेघाः / मेघासः¹ méghāḥ / méghāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मेघम् meghám	मेघौ / मेघा¹ meghaú / meghā́¹	मेघान् meghā́n
Instrumental	मेघेन meghéna	मेघाभ्याम् meghā́bhyām	मेघैः / मेघेभिः¹ meghaíḥ / meghébhiḥ¹
Dative	मेघाय meghā́ya	मेघाभ्याम् meghā́bhyām	मेघेभ्यः meghébhyaḥ
Ablative	मेघात् meghā́t	मेघाभ्याम् meghā́bhyām	मेघेभ्यः meghébhyaḥ
Genitive	मेघस्य meghásya	मेघयोः megháyoḥ	मेघानाम् meghā́nām
Locative	मेघे meghé	मेघयोः megháyoḥ	मेघेषु meghéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Kholosi: meh
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑁂𑀳 (meha)
- Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘹𑘮 (meha)
Magadhi Prakrit:
- Assamese: মেহ (meh)
- Maithili: मेह (mēh), मेहा (mēhā)
- Odia: ମିହ (mihô)
Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: mī̃h m
  - Gurmukhi script: ਮੀਂਹ
  - Shahmukhi script: مینہہ
Pali: megha
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑁂𑀳 (meha)
- Gujarati: મેહ (meh), મેહુલો (mehulo), મેવલો (mevlo)
- Hindustani:
  Hindi: मेंह (mẽh)
  
  Urdu: مینہ (mẽh)
→ Assamese: মেঘ (megh) (learned)
→ Bengali: মেঘ (megh) (learned)
→ Gujarati: મેઘ (megh) (learned)
→ Hindi: मेघ (megh) (learned)
→ Khmer: មេឃ (meik)
→ Malay: mega
- Indonesian: mega
→ Malayalam: മേഘം (mēghaṁ)
→ Marathi: मेघ (megh) (learned)
→ Kannada: ಮೇಘ (mēgha)
→ Lao: ເມກ (mēk)
→ Old Javanese: megha
- Javanese: ꦩꦺꦒ (méga)
- → Balinese: ᬫᬾᬖ (mega)
→ Odia: ମେଘ (meghô)
→ Sylheti: ꠝꠦꠊ (megó, “rain”)
→ Tagalog: magha
→ Tagalog: bigha
→ Tamil: மேகம் (mēkam)
→ Telugu: మేఘము (mēghamu)
→ Thai: เมฆ (mêek)
→ Urdu: میگھ (megh)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “मेघ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0831.
Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “मेघः”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “मेघ”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mēghá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

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