मृद्

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mŕ̩d/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /mr̩d̪/
• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mr̩d/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /mr̩d̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *mŕ̥ts, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mŕ̥ts, from Proto-Indo-European *mĺ̥dʰ-s. Cognate with मृदु (mṛdu, “soft, weak”) Ancient Greek μάλθη (málthē), Old English molde (whence English mold).

मृद् • (mŕ̥d) stem, f

1. earth, soil, clay, loam
2. a piece of earth, lump of clay
3. a kind of fragrant earth
4. aluminous slate

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

• → Tamil: மிருதை (mirutai)

From a conflation of two roots, Proto-Indo-European *(s)merd- (“to hurt, sting”) (represented by मर्द् (mard, “to crush”))[1] and *mled-, *(s)meld- (“to be soft, melt”) (represented by म्रद् (mrad, “to be weak, soft”)). The two roots became confused within Indo-Aryan early on during the Vedic era. Examples for each root include मर्दति (mardati) for the former, and विम्रद् (vimrad, “to soften”) and perhaps मृदु (mṛdu) for the latter.[2][3]

• मर्द् (mard, “to crush”), म्रद् (mrad, “to be soft”)

मृद् • (mṛd)

1. to press, squeeze, crush, smash, trample down, tread upon,
2. to destroy, kill, waste, ravage, kill, slay
3. to rub, stroke, wipe (e.g. the forehead)
4. to rub into, mingle with
5. to rub against, touch, pass through (a constellation)
6. to overcome, surpass

• Monier Williams (1899) “मृद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 0830/1-2.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 126
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “मृद्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “मृद्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 328; 372; 386-7
• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 373
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 0735, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0735