मिथुन
See also: मैथुन
Pali
Alternative forms
Declension
Declension table of "मिथुन" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | मिथुनं (mithunaṃ) | मिथुनानि (mithunāni) |
| Accusative (second) | मिथुनं (mithunaṃ) | मिथुनानि (mithunāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | मिथुनेन (mithunena) | मिथुनेहि (mithunehi) or मिथुनेभि (mithunebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | मिथुनस्स (mithunassa) or मिथुनाय (mithunāya) or मिथुनत्थं (mithunatthaṃ) | मिथुनानं (mithunānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | मिथुनस्मा (mithunasmā) or मिथुनम्हा (mithunamhā) or मिथुना (mithunā) | मिथुनेहि (mithunehi) or मिथुनेभि (mithunebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | मिथुनस्स (mithunassa) | मिथुनानं (mithunānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | मिथुनस्मिं (mithunasmiṃ) or मिथुनम्हि (mithunamhi) or मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनेसु (mithunesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | मिथुन (mithuna) | मिथुनानि (mithunāni) |
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- মিথুন (Assamese script)
- ᬫᬶᬣᬸᬦ (Balinese script)
- মিথুন (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰰𑰞𑰲𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀺𑀣𑀼𑀦 (Brahmi script)
- မိထုန (Burmese script)
- મિથુન (Gujarati script)
- ਮਿਥੁਨ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌮𑌿𑌥𑍁𑌨 (Grantha script)
- ꦩꦶꦡꦸꦤ (Javanese script)
- 𑂧𑂱𑂟𑂳𑂢 (Kaithi script)
- ಮಿಥುನ (Kannada script)
- មិថុន (Khmer script)
- ມິຖຸນ (Lao script)
- മിഥുന (Malayalam script)
- ᠮᡳᡨᡠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘦𑘱𑘞𑘳𑘡 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠢᠲᠤᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧆𑧒𑦾𑧔𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐶𑐠𑐸𑐣 (Newa script)
- ମିଥୁନ (Odia script)
- ꢪꢶꢢꢸꢥ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆴𑆡𑆶𑆤 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖰𑖞𑖲𑖡 (Siddham script)
- මිථුන (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩴𑩑𑩬𑩒𑩯 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚢𑚮𑚚𑚰𑚝 (Takri script)
- மிது²ந (Tamil script)
- మిథున (Telugu script)
- มิถุน (Thai script)
- མི་ཐུ་ན (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒱𑒟𑒳𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨢𑨁𑨚𑨃𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to exchange”) an extension of *mey- (“to exchange”). Cognate with Latin mutō whence English mutate, mutual; Latin mittō (“send”) whence English emit, mission, etc.; Proto-Slavic *mьstь (“revenge, vengeance”); English mis-, miss.
Also cf. Mitra, the Indo-Iranian god of contracts.
Adjective
मिथुन • (mithuná) stem
- paired, forming a pair
- RV 1.173.2d
- अर्चद वर्षा वर्षभिः सवेदुहव्यैर्म्र्गो नाश्नो अति यज्जुगुर्यात |
- पर मन्दयुर्मनां गूर्त होता भरते मर्यो मिथुना यजत्रः ||
- arcad vṛṣā vṛṣabhiḥ sveduhavyairmṛgho nāśno ati yajjughuryāt |
- pra mandayurmanāṃ ghūrta hotā bharate maryo mithunā yajatraḥ ||
- Let the Bull sing with Bulls whose toil is worship, with a loud roar like some wild beast that hungers.
- Praised God! the glad priest brings his heart's devotion; the holy youth presents twofold oblation.
- RV 1.173.2d
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of मिथुन | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | मिथुनः (mithunaḥ) | ||
| Gen. sg. | मिथुनस्य (mithunasya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | मिथुनः (mithunaḥ) | मिथुनौ (mithunau) | मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ) |
| Vocative | मिथुन (mithuna) | मिथुनौ (mithunau) | मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ) |
| Accusative | मिथुनम् (mithunam) | मिथुनौ (mithunau) | मिथुनान् (mithunān) |
| Instrumental | मिथुनेन (mithunena) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनैः (mithunaiḥ) |
| Dative | मिथुनाय (mithunāya) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | मिथुनात् (mithunāt) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | मिथुनस्य (mithunasya) | मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ) | मिथुनानाम् (mithunānām) |
| Locative | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ) | मिथुनेषु (mithuneṣu) |
| Feminine ā-stem declension of मिथुन | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | मिथुना (mithunā) | ||
| Gen. sg. | मिथुनायाः (mithunāyāḥ) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | मिथुना (mithunā) | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ) |
| Vocative | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ) |
| Accusative | मिथुनाम् (mithunām) | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ) |
| Instrumental | मिथुनया (mithunayā) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनाभिः (mithunābhiḥ) |
| Dative | मिथुनायै (mithunāyai) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनाभ्यः (mithunābhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | मिथुनायाः (mithunāyāḥ) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनाभ्यः (mithunābhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | मिथुनायाः (mithunāyāḥ) | मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ) | मिथुनानाम् (mithunānām) |
| Locative | मिथुनायाम् (mithunāyām) | मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ) | मिथुनासु (mithunāsu) |
| Neuter a-stem declension of मिथुन | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | मिथुनम् (mithunam) | ||
| Gen. sg. | मिथुनस्य (mithunasya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | मिथुनम् (mithunam) | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनानि (mithunāni) |
| Vocative | मिथुन (mithuna) | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनानि (mithunāni) |
| Accusative | मिथुनम् (mithunam) | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनानि (mithunāni) |
| Instrumental | मिथुनेन (mithunena) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनैः (mithunaiḥ) |
| Dative | मिथुनाय (mithunāya) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | मिथुनात् (mithunāt) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | मिथुनस्य (mithunasya) | मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ) | मिथुनानाम् (mithunānām) |
| Locative | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ) | मिथुनेषु (mithuneṣu) |
Noun
मिथुन • (mithuná) stem, m
- a pair (male and female; but also "any couple or pair")
- RV 1.144.4b
- यमीं दवा सवयसा सपर्यतः समाने योना मिथुना समोकसा |
- दिवा न नक्तं पलितो युवाजनि पुरू चरन्नजरो मानुषा युगा ||
- yamīṃ dvā savayasā saparyataḥ samāne yonā mithunā samokasā |
- divā na naktaṃ palito yuvājani purū carannajaro mānuṣā yughā ||
- He whom the two copartners with observance tend, the pair who dwell together in the same abode,
- By night as in the day the grey one was born young, passing untouched by eld through many an age of man.
- RV 1.144.4b
Usage notes
Usually dual. In later language, mostly n. At the end of a compound, feminine in -ā.
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of मिथुन | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | मिथुनः (mithunaḥ) | ||
| Gen. sg. | मिथुनस्य (mithunasya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | मिथुनः (mithunaḥ) | मिथुनौ (mithunau) | मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ) |
| Vocative | मिथुन (mithuna) | मिथुनौ (mithunau) | मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ) |
| Accusative | मिथुनम् (mithunam) | मिथुनौ (mithunau) | मिथुनान् (mithunān) |
| Instrumental | मिथुनेन (mithunena) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनैः (mithunaiḥ) |
| Dative | मिथुनाय (mithunāya) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | मिथुनात् (mithunāt) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | मिथुनस्य (mithunasya) | मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ) | मिथुनानाम् (mithunānām) |
| Locative | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ) | मिथुनेषु (mithuneṣu) |
Noun
मिथुन • (mithuná) stem, n
- pairing, copulation
- a pair or couple (but also "twins")
- (astrology, sometimes masculine) the sign of the zodiac Gemini or the third arc of 30 degrees in a circle
- the other part, complement or companion of anything (also applied to a kind of small statue at the entrance of a temple)
- honey and ghee
- (grammar) root compounded with a preposition
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of मिथुन | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | मिथुनम् (mithunam) | ||
| Gen. sg. | मिथुनस्य (mithunasya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | मिथुनम् (mithunam) | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनानि (mithunāni) |
| Vocative | मिथुन (mithuna) | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनानि (mithunāni) |
| Accusative | मिथुनम् (mithunam) | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनानि (mithunāni) |
| Instrumental | मिथुनेन (mithunena) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनैः (mithunaiḥ) |
| Dative | मिथुनाय (mithunāya) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | मिथुनात् (mithunāt) | मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām) | मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | मिथुनस्य (mithunasya) | मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ) | मिथुनानाम् (mithunānām) |
| Locative | मिथुने (mithune) | मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ) | मिथुनेषु (mithuneṣu) |
Derived terms
- मैथुन (maithuna)
Descendants
See also
| Zodiac signs in Sanskrit (layout · text) | |||||||||||
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| मेष (meṣa) | ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) | मिथुन (mithuna) | कर्कटक (karkaṭaka) | ||||||||
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| सिंह (siṃha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तुला (tulā) | वृश्चिक (vṛścika) | ||||||||
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| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makara) | कुम्भ (kumbha) | मीन (mīna) | ||||||||
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “मिथुन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 816.
- Alexander Lubotsky, A Rgvedic Word Concordance, American Oriental Society, 1997, lemma mithuná
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