जू

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From a Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?] root shared with Persian زود (zud, early) and Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬬𐬍𐬱𐬙𐬫𐬀 (zəvīštya, the quickest), possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *ǵewH- (force, drive) and thus further cognate with Old Norse keyra (drive) and Proto-Slavic *žurìti (to rage).

Pronunciation

Root

जू • ()

  1. to press forwards, hurry on, be quick
  2. to impel quickly, urge or drive on, incite
  3. to scare
  4. to excite, promote, animate, inspire

Derived terms

  • (, speedy)
    • (, speed, swiftness)
    • जव (jáva, velocity, speed, haste)
    • जवीयस् (jávīyas, quicker, fleeter)
    • जविष्ठ (jáviṣṭha, quickest, fleetest)
    • जवन (jávana, javaná, quick, swift, fleet)
    • जविन् (javín, quick, swift, fleet)
    • जवस् (jávas, swift, rapid)
    • जुवस् (júvas, celerity, swiftness)
    • जू (jū́, quick, speedy; inciting, driving)
    • जूति (jūtí, driving; velocity; impulse, energy)
    • जूत (jūtá, impelled, driven)
    • जुनति (junā́ti, to go, move)
    • जवति (javati, to press forwards, hurry on, be quick to impel)
    • जवते (jávate, to press forwards, hurry on, be quick to impel)
    • जू (jū́, courser)
    • यातुजू (yātú-jū́, possessed by Yātu-s)
    • जूजुवस् (jūjuvás, speedy)
    • धीजवन (dhī́-jávana, rousing or inspiring the mind)

Adjective

जू • (jū́) stem

  1. quick, speedy, courser
  2. inciting, driving

Declension

Masculine ū-stem declension of जू (jū́)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative जूः
jū́ḥ
जुवौ
júvau
जुवः
júvaḥ
Vocative जूः
jū́ḥ
जुवौ
júvau
जुवः
júvaḥ
Accusative जुवम्
júvam
जुवौ
júvau
जुवः
júvaḥ
Instrumental जुवा
juvā́
जूभ्याम्
jūbhyā́m
जूभिः
jūbhíḥ
Dative जुवे / जुवै¹
juvé / juvaí¹
जूभ्याम्
jūbhyā́m
जूभ्यः
jūbhyáḥ
Ablative जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै²
juváḥ / juvā́ḥ¹ / juvaí²
जूभ्याम्
jūbhyā́m
जूभ्यः
jūbhyáḥ
Genitive जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै²
juváḥ / juvā́ḥ¹ / juvaí²
जुवोः
juvóḥ
जुवाम् / जूनाम्¹
juvā́m / jūnā́m¹
Locative जुवि / जुवाम्¹
juví / juvā́m¹
जुवोः
juvóḥ
जूषु
jūṣú
Notes
  • ¹Later Sanskrit
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Feminine ū-stem declension of जू (jū́)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative जूः
jū́ḥ
जुवौ
júvau
जुवः
júvaḥ
Vocative जूः
jū́ḥ
जुवौ
júvau
जुवः
júvaḥ
Accusative जुवम्
júvam
जुवौ
júvau
जुवः
júvaḥ
Instrumental जुवा
juvā́
जूभ्याम्
jūbhyā́m
जूभिः
jūbhíḥ
Dative जुवे / जुवै¹
juvé / juvaí¹
जूभ्याम्
jūbhyā́m
जूभ्यः
jūbhyáḥ
Ablative जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै²
juváḥ / juvā́ḥ¹ / juvaí²
जूभ्याम्
jūbhyā́m
जूभ्यः
jūbhyáḥ
Genitive जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै²
juváḥ / juvā́ḥ¹ / juvaí²
जुवोः
juvóḥ
जुवाम् / जूनाम्¹
juvā́m / jūnā́m¹
Locative जुवि / जुवाम्¹
juví / juvā́m¹
जुवोः
juvóḥ
जूषु
jūṣú
Notes
  • ¹Later Sanskrit
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter u-stem declension of जु ()
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative जु
जुनी
júnī
जूनि / जु¹ / जू¹
jū́ni / jú¹ / jū́¹
Vocative जु / जो
jú / jó
जुनी
júnī
जूनि / जु¹ / जू¹
jū́ni / jú¹ / jū́¹
Accusative जु
जुनी
júnī
जूनि / जु¹ / जू¹
jū́ni / jú¹ / jū́¹
Instrumental जुना / ज्वा¹
júnā / jvā́¹
जुभ्याम्
júbhyām
जुभिः
júbhiḥ
Dative जुने / जवे¹ / ज्वे¹
júne / jáve¹ / jvé¹
जुभ्याम्
júbhyām
जुभ्यः
júbhyaḥ
Ablative जुनः / जोः¹ / ज्वः¹
júnaḥ / jóḥ¹ / jváḥ¹
जुभ्याम्
júbhyām
जुभ्यः
júbhyaḥ
Genitive जुनः / जोः¹ / ज्वः¹
júnaḥ / jóḥ¹ / jváḥ¹
जुनोः
júnoḥ
जूनाम्
jūnā́m
Locative जुनि / जौ¹
júni / jaú¹
जुनोः
júnoḥ
जुषु
júṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Noun

जू • () stem, f

  1. speed
  2. the atmosphere
  3. a female goblin
  4. Sarasvati
  5. a spot on the forehead (?) of horses and oxen

Declension

Feminine ū-stem declension of जू ()
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative जूः
jūḥ
जुवौ
juvau
जुवः
juvaḥ
Vocative जूः
jūḥ
जुवौ
juvau
जुवः
juvaḥ
Accusative जुवम्
juvam
जुवौ
juvau
जुवः
juvaḥ
Instrumental जुवा
juvā
जूभ्याम्
jūbhyām
जूभिः
jūbhiḥ
Dative जुवे / जुवै¹
juve / juvai¹
जूभ्याम्
jūbhyām
जूभ्यः
jūbhyaḥ
Ablative जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै²
juvaḥ / juvāḥ¹ / juvai²
जूभ्याम्
jūbhyām
जूभ्यः
jūbhyaḥ
Genitive जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै²
juvaḥ / juvāḥ¹ / juvai²
जुवोः
juvoḥ
जुवाम् / जूनाम्¹
juvām / jūnām¹
Locative जुवि / जुवाम्¹
juvi / juvām¹
जुवोः
juvoḥ
जूषु
jūṣu
Notes
  • ¹Later Sanskrit
  • ²Brāhmaṇas

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “जू”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 424/2.
  • William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 55
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 580-1
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