छर्दति

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kérd-e-ti.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰɐ́ɾ.dɐ.ti/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ɕʰɐɾ.d̪ɐ.t̪i/

Verb

छर्दति • (chárdati) third-singular present indicative (root छृद्, class 1, type P)

to kindle
to cause to flow over
to vomit, eject

Descendants

Note: All of these descendants developed meanings related to leaving and abandoning as extensions to the original meanings of vomiting and ejecting.

Dardic:
- Phalura: c̣haḍ-
Pali: chaḍḍēti
Prakrit: 𑀙𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀇 (chaḍḍaï)

Terms inherited from 𑀙𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀇 (chaḍḍaï)

- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀙𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀤𑀺 (chaḍḍadi)
    - Dameli: c̣haḍ-
    - Hindustani: chāṛnā
      - Hindi: छाड़ना
      - Urdu: چھَاژنَا
    - Romani: čhad-
      - Carpathian Romani: čand-
      - Sinte Romani: čad-
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: সাদিব (xadibo), সাৰিব (xaribo)
    - Bengali: ছাড়া (chaṛa)
    - Bihari:
      - Bhojpuri: छाड़ल (chāṛal)
      - Maithili: छाड़ब (chāṛab)
    - Odia: ଛାଡ଼ିବା (chaṛiba)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Central Pahari:
      - Kumaoni: छाड़ँण
    - Eastern Pahari:
      - Nepali: छादनु (chādanu), छाणनु (chāṇanu)
    - Western Pahari:
      - Bhadrawahi: छड्डणू (ċhaḍḍṇū)
- Western:
  - Takka Apabhramsa:
    - Punjabi: chaḍḍṇā
      Gurmukhi script: ਛੱਡਣਾ
      
      Shahmukhi script: چَڈّݨَا
      - Lahnda: چھَڈَݨ (chaḍaṇ)
        → Kashmiri: چھَڈُن (chaḍun)
  - Vracada Apabhramsa:
    - Sindhi: chaḍ̠aṇu
      Arabic script: ڇَڏَڻُ
      
      Devanagari script: छॾणु

Pali: chaḍḍāpeti
Prakrit: 𑀙𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀬 (chaḍḍāviya)

Terms inherited from 𑀙𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀬 (chaḍḍāviya)

- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Bengali: ছাড়ান (chaṛan)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Nepali: छदाउनु (chadāunu)
- Western:
  - Takka Apabhramsa:
    - Punjabi: chaḍāuṇā
      Gurmukhi script: ਛਡਾਉਣਾ
      
      Shahmukhi script: چھَڈَاوݨَا

Prakrit: 𑀙𑀀𑀟𑀇 (cham̐ḍaï)

Terms inherited from 𑀙𑀀𑀟𑀇 (cham̐ḍaï)

- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Braj: छड़नो (chaṛno)
    - Gujarati: છાંડવું (chā̃ḍvũ), છાંડણ (chā̃ḍaṇ)
    - Old Hindi: छाँड़ना
      - Hindustani: chā̃ṛnā
        Hindi: छाँड़ना
        
        Urdu: چھَاںڑنَا
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: އަޅަނީ (aḷanī), އެއްލަނީ (ellanī)
    - Sinhalese: හෙළනවා (heḷanawā)
  - Maharastri Prakrit:
    - Marathi: सांडणे (sāṇḍṇe)
- Western:
  - Takka Apabhramsa:
    - Punjabi: chaṇḍṇā
      Gurmukhi script: ਛੰਡਣਾ
      
      Shahmukhi script: چھَݨڈݨَا
      - Lahnda: چھںڈݨ (chãḍaṇ)
  - Vracada Apabhramsa:
    - Sindhi: chaṇḍaṇu
      Arabic script: ڇَڻڊَڻُ
      
      Devanagari script: छंडणु
      - Kachchi: છાડણૂ (chāḍṇū)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “chardati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 274

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