चाक
Hindi
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /t͡ʃɑːk/, [t͡ʃäːk]
Etymology 1
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀓 (cakka), from Sanskrit चक्र (cákra, “wheel”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćakrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos (“circle, wheel”). Cognate with Marathi चाक (cāk). Doublet of चक्कर (cakkar), चक्र (cakra), and चरख़ा (carxā).
Declension
Konkani
Etymology
From Maharastri Prakrit 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀓 (cakka), from Sanskrit चक्र (cakrá, “wheel”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćakrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos (“circle, wheel”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡sɑːk/
Marathi
Etymology
Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘓𑘰𑘎 (cāka), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀓 (cakka), from Sanskrit चक्र (cakrá), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćakrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos (“circle, wheel”). Doublet of चक्कर (cakkar), चक्र (cakra), and चरखा (carkhā).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡sak/
Declension
Declension of चाक (neut cons-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
direct singular |
चाक cāk | ||
direct plural |
चाके, चाकं cāke, cāka | ||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
nominative प्रथमा |
चाक cāk |
चाके, चाकं cāke, cāka | |
oblique सामान्यरूप |
चाका cākā |
चाकां- cākān- | |
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
चाकाला cākālā |
चाकांना cākānnā | |
ergative | चाकाने, चाकानं cākāne, cākāna |
चाकांनी cākānnī | |
instrumental | चाकाशी cākāśī |
चाकांशी cākānśī | |
locative सप्तमी |
चाकात cākāt |
चाकांत cākāt | |
vocative संबोधन |
चाका cākā |
चाकांनो cākānno | |
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. |
Genitive declension of चाक (neut cons-stem) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
चाकाचा cākāċā |
चाकाचे cākāċe |
चाकाची cākācī |
चाकाच्या cākācā |
चाकाचे, चाकाचं cākāċe, cākāċa |
चाकाची cākācī |
चाकाच्या cākācā | |
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
चाकांचा cākānċā |
चाकांचे cākānċe |
चाकांची cākāñcī |
चाकांच्या cākāncā |
चाकांचे, चाकांचं cākānċe, cākānċa |
चाकांची cākāñcī |
चाकांच्या cākāñcā | |
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. |
References
- Berntsen, Maxine, “चाक”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “चाक”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “चाक”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “cakrá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press