ऋत

See also: ऋतु

Sanskrit

Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
  • ঋত (Assamese script)
  • ᬋᬢ (Balinese script)
  • ঋত (Bengali script)
  • 𑰆𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀋𑀢 (Brahmi script)
  • ၒတ (Burmese script)
  • ઋત (Gujarati script)
  • ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌋𑌤 (Grantha script)
  • ꦉꦠ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂩𑂱𑂞 (Kaithi script)
  • ಋತ (Kannada script)
  • ឫត (Khmer script)
  • ຣິຕ (Lao script)
  • ഋത (Malayalam script)
  • ᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘆𑘝 (Modi script)
  • ᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑦦𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐆𑐟 (Newa script)
  • ଋତ (Odia script)
  • ꢈꢡ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆉𑆠 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖆𑖝 (Siddham script)
  • ඍත (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩐𑩙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚙 (Takri script)
  • ரித (Tamil script)
  • ఋత (Telugu script)
  • ฤต (Thai script)
  • རྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒇𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨫𑨉𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hr̥tás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥tás (“truth”) (whence Avestan 𐬀𐬴𐬀 (aṣ̌a, “truth”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥-tós, from *h₂er- (“to fit; fix; put together”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

ऋत • (ṛtá) stem

  1. met with, afflicted by (+instrumental)
  2. proper, right, fit, apt, suitable, able, brave, honest
  3. true
  4. worshipped, respected
  5. enlightened, luminous

Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of ऋत (ṛtá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ऋतः
ṛtáḥ		 ऋतौ / ऋता¹
ṛtaú / ṛtā́¹		 ऋताः / ऋतासः¹
ṛtā́ḥ / ṛtā́saḥ¹
Vocative ऋत
ṛ́ta		 ऋतौ / ऋता¹
ṛ́tau / ṛ́tā¹		 ऋताः / ऋतासः¹
ṛ́tāḥ / ṛ́tāsaḥ¹
Accusative ऋतम्
ṛtám		 ऋतौ / ऋता¹
ṛtaú / ṛtā́¹		 ऋतान्
ṛtā́n
Instrumental ऋतेन
ṛténa		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋतैः / ऋतेभिः¹
ṛtaíḥ / ṛtébhiḥ¹
Dative ऋताय
ṛtā́ya		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋतेभ्यः
ṛtébhyaḥ
Ablative ऋतात्
ṛtā́t		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋतेभ्यः
ṛtébhyaḥ
Genitive ऋतस्य
ṛtásya		 ऋतयोः
ṛtáyoḥ		 ऋतानाम्
ṛtā́nām
Locative ऋते
ṛté		 ऋतयोः
ṛtáyoḥ		 ऋतेषु
ṛtéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ā-stem declension of ऋता (ṛtā́)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ऋता
ṛtā́		 ऋते
ṛté		 ऋताः
ṛtā́ḥ
Vocative ऋते
ṛ́te		 ऋते
ṛ́te		 ऋताः
ṛ́tāḥ
Accusative ऋताम्
ṛtā́m		 ऋते
ṛté		 ऋताः
ṛtā́ḥ
Instrumental ऋतया / ऋता¹
ṛtáyā / ṛtā́¹		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋताभिः
ṛtā́bhiḥ
Dative ऋतायै
ṛtā́yai		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋताभ्यः
ṛtā́bhyaḥ
Ablative ऋतायाः / ऋतायै²
ṛtā́yāḥ / ṛtā́yai²		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋताभ्यः
ṛtā́bhyaḥ
Genitive ऋतायाः / ऋतायै²
ṛtā́yāḥ / ṛtā́yai²		 ऋतयोः
ṛtáyoḥ		 ऋतानाम्
ṛtā́nām
Locative ऋतायाम्
ṛtā́yām		 ऋतयोः
ṛtáyoḥ		 ऋतासु
ṛtā́su
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of ऋत (ṛtá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ऋतम्
ṛtám		 ऋते
ṛté		 ऋतानि / ऋता¹
ṛtā́ni / ṛtā́¹
Vocative ऋत
ṛ́ta		 ऋते
ṛ́te		 ऋतानि / ऋता¹
ṛ́tāni / ṛ́tā¹
Accusative ऋतम्
ṛtám		 ऋते
ṛté		 ऋतानि / ऋता¹
ṛtā́ni / ṛtā́¹
Instrumental ऋतेन
ṛténa		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋतैः / ऋतेभिः¹
ṛtaíḥ / ṛtébhiḥ¹
Dative ऋताय
ṛtā́ya		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋतेभ्यः
ṛtébhyaḥ
Ablative ऋतात्
ṛtā́t		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋतेभ्यः
ṛtébhyaḥ
Genitive ऋतस्य
ṛtásya		 ऋतयोः
ṛtáyoḥ		 ऋतानाम्
ṛtā́nām
Locative ऋते
ṛté		 ऋतयोः
ṛtáyoḥ		 ऋतेषु
ṛtéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Proper noun

ऋत • (ṛtá) m

  1. name of a रुद्र (Rudra)
  2. name of a son of मनु चाक्षुष (Manu Cākṣuṣ)
  3. name of a son of विजय (Vijaya)

Noun

ऋत • (ṛtá) stem, n

  1. fixed or settled order, law, rule (especially in religion)
  2. sacred or pious action or custom, divine law, faith, divine truth
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.108.11:
      dūrám ita paṇayo várīya úd gā́vo yantu minatī́r ṛténa
      bṛ́haspátir yā́ ávindan nígūḷhāḥ sómo grā́vāṇa ṛ́ṣayaš ca víprāḥ
      Hence, far away, ye Panis! Let the cattle lowing come forth as holy Law commandeth,
      Kine which Brhaspati, and Soma, Ṛsis, sages, and pressing-stones have found when hidden.
  3. truth in general, righteousness, right
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 08.025.04:
      mahā́ntā mitrā́váruṇā
      samrā́jā devā́v ásurā
      r̥tā́vānāv r̥tám ā́ ghoṣato br̥hát
      Great Mitra and Varuṇa, sovereign kings, gods and spirits truth-possessing, loudly sound their lofty truth.
  4. figuratively said of gleaning (as the right means of a Brahman's obtaining a livelihood as opposed to agriculture, which is अनृत (anṛta))
  5. promise, oath, vow
  6. truth personified (as an object of worship, and hence enumerated among the sacred objects in the Nir.)
  7. water
  8. sacrifice
  9. a particular sacrifice
  10. sun
  11. wealth

Declension
Neuter a-stem declension of ऋत (ṛtá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ऋतम्
ṛtám		 ऋते
ṛté		 ऋतानि / ऋता¹
ṛtā́ni / ṛtā́¹
Vocative ऋत
ṛ́ta		 ऋते
ṛ́te		 ऋतानि / ऋता¹
ṛ́tāni / ṛ́tā¹
Accusative ऋतम्
ṛtám		 ऋते
ṛté		 ऋतानि / ऋता¹
ṛtā́ni / ṛtā́¹
Instrumental ऋतेन
ṛténa		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋतैः / ऋतेभिः¹
ṛtaíḥ / ṛtébhiḥ¹
Dative ऋताय
ṛtā́ya		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋतेभ्यः
ṛtébhyaḥ
Ablative ऋतात्
ṛtā́t		 ऋताभ्याम्
ṛtā́bhyām		 ऋतेभ्यः
ṛtébhyaḥ
Genitive ऋतस्य
ṛtásya		 ऋतयोः
ṛtáyoḥ		 ऋतानाम्
ṛtā́nām
Locative ऋते
ṛté		 ऋतयोः
ṛtáyoḥ		 ऋतेषु
ṛtéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Adverb

ऋत • (ṛtá)

  1. right, duly, properly, expressly, very
  2. right, duly, properly, regularly, lawfully, according to usage or right
  3. truly, sincerely, indeed

Descendants
    • Bengali: রীতি (riti, “law, continuity, tradition, habit, convention”)
  • Dardic:
    • Kashmiri: رُت (rut)
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Punjabi: ਰੀਤ (rīt, “custom, tradition, rite”), ਰਿੱਤ (ritta)
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