ܐܢܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

  • From Aramaic אֲנָא (ʾănā) with a lengthening of the first syllable, possible influence to and from Gulf Arabic آنَا (āna) or Iraqi Arabic آني (āni), but compare Turoyo ܐܳܢܐ (ono), hinting at a historical long /ā/. In other cases, a short initial /a/ without doubling afterwards where it usually would happen has let to it elongating, such as many dialects’ realization of ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ (/ʾalāhā/) as /ʾālāhā/.
  • Otherwise from the variant form Aramaic אנא (ʾĕnā) whose pronunciation is seen in Classical Syriac ܐܸܢܵܐ (ʾĕnā) and reflected still in the dialectal Turoyo form Turoyo ܐܶܢܐ (eno). A shift from a short initial /ʾĕ/ without doubling afterwards where it would usually happen has led to its shift into /ʾă/, again seen in Aramaic אֱלָהָא (ʾĕlāhā) into ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ (ʾălāhā).

Ultimately from Proto-Semitic *ʔanāku; compare Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā), Hebrew אֲנִי (aní) and Akkadian 𒀀𒈾𒆪 (anāku).

Pronunciation

  • (standard) IPA(key): [ʔɑːnɑː]

Pronoun

ܐܵܢܵܐ • (ānā) sg (plural ܐܲܚܢܲܢ (aḥnan))

  1. (personal) I
  2. (intensive) I myself
See also

    Etymology 2

    Possibly from ܐܵܗܵܐ (aha) + ܐܵܢܝܼ (anī).

    Pronunciation

    • (Urmian) IPA(key): [ʔan.ne.]

    Pronoun

    ܐܲܢܹܐ or ܐܲܢܲܝ̈ • (annē or annay) c (singular ܐܵܗܵܐ (āhā))

    1. (dialectal) Alternative form of ܗܵܠܹܝܢ (hālēn, these)
    Usage notes
    • In the Iraqi Koine, this is the most common spelling in vocalised texts. ܐܲܢܲܝ̈ (annay) is more common in unvocalised texts.

    Classical Syriac

    Etymology 1

    From Proto-Semitic *ʔanāku. Compare Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā), Hebrew אֲנִי (ʾănî).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [ʔɛ̆nɑ]

    Pronoun

    ܐܢܐ • (ʾĕnā) c (plural ܚܢܢ or ܐܢܚܢܢ)

    1. (personal) I
    2. (intensive) I myself

    Etymology 2

    Modified from above, with the initial consonant and vowel quiescing.

    Alternative forms

    • ܢܐ-

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [-nɑ(ʔ)]

    Pronoun

    ܐܢܐ • (-nāʾ) c (plural ܚܢܢ)

    1. an enclitic used as a copula for a first-person singular subject; I am
    Usage notes

    Usually, the form ܐܢܐ (ʾĕnāʾ) is written separately from the word it follows while the alternative form ܢܐ- (-nāʾ) is written together with the word it follows.

    See also
    • ܐܝܬܝ

    References

    • ˀnˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-06-16
    • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 12b
    • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 21a
    • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 58b

    Turoyo

    Pronunciation

    • (standard) IPA(key): /ʔono/
    • (Midyat) IPA(key): /ʔəno/

    Pronoun

    ܐܢܐ • (ʾōnō) c (plural ܐܚܢܐ)

    1. (personal) I
    2. (intensive) I myself
    See also

      Etymology 2

      Modified from above.

      Alternative forms

      • ܢܐ- (n-)

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /no/ (singular)
      • IPA(key): /na/ (plural)

      Pronoun

      ܐܢܐ • (-nō) c (plural ܢܐ)

      1. an enclitic used as a copula for a first-person singular subject; I am
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