یل
See also: يل
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yẹl (“wind”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰘𐰠 (yél), Azerbaijani yel, Bashkir ел (yel), Chuvash ҫил (śil), Kazakh жел (jel), Kyrgyz жел (jel), Tatar җил (cil), Turkmen ýel and Uzbek yel.
Noun
یل • (yel)
- wind, real or perceived movement of atmospheric air
- flatus, gas generated in the digestive tract
- (pathology) rheumatism, any disorder of the muscles, tendons, etc.
Derived terms
- یللنمك (yellenmek, “to break wind”)
- یللو (yelli, “windy”)
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “yel1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5276
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “یل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français, Vienna: F. Beck, page 509a
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “یل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1355
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Ventus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1732
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “یل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 5596
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “yel”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “یل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2207
Persian
Etymology
Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (yl /yal/, “hero”), of unclear further etymology. Initial ya- cannot be directly inherited from Proto-Iranian. It is possibly a borrowing from Alanic or some other Northeastern Iranian descendant of Proto-Iranian *Áryah (“Aryan, Iranian”),[1] whence also ایران (irân, “Iran”). Compare Proto-Ossetic *Allānʉ (“of the Aryans”, genitive plural).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [jal]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [jäl]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [jäl]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [jäl̥]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [jæl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [jäl]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | yal |
| Dari reading? | yal |
| Iranian reading? | yal |
| Tajik reading? | yal |
Noun
یل • (yal)
- hero, great warrior
- c. 1030, Fakhr al-Dīn Asʿad Gurgānī, ويس و رامين [Vīs u Rāmīn]:
- مهان نامی از هر شهر و کشور
یلان جنگی از هر مرز و گوهر- mihān-i nāmī az har šahr u kišwar
yalān-i jangī az har marz u gawhar - Renowned nobles from every city and kingdom,
Warlike heroes from every borderland and bloodline.
- mihān-i nāmī az har šahr u kišwar
References
- D. N. Mackenzie (1984) “Review of "Die Geschichte Zarēr's" by Davoud Monchi-Zadeh”, in Indo-Iranian Journal, volume 27, number 2, page 160
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