قاعده

See also: قاعدہ and قاعدة

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَاعِدَة (qāʕida, “rule, principle”).

Noun

قاعده • (kaʿide) (plural قواعد (kavaʿid))

base, foundation, that upon which anything stands or is founded
Synonyms: اساس (esas), اصل (asl), بنیاد (bunyad), تمل (temel)
rule, norm, principle, anything that guides or prescribes a conduct
Synonym: قانون (kanun)
custom, habitual practice, the frequent repetition of the same behavior

Derived terms

قاعده بلده (kaʿide-i belde, “local custom”)
قاعده شكن (kaʿide şiken, “breaking the rules”)
قاعده‌سز (kaʿidesiz, “irregular”)
قاعدوی (kaʿidevî, “basal”)

Descendants

Turkish: kaide

Further reading

Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kaide”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2339
Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “kaide”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 579
Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قاعده”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 930
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Regula”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1454
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قاعده”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3588
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kaide”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قاعده”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1418

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَاعِدَة (qāʕida).

Pronunciation

Audio (file)

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [qɑː.ʔi.ˈða]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qɑː.ʔɪ.d̪ǽ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qɑː.jɪ.d̪ǽ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qɔː.ji.d̪ǽ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qɒː.ʔe.d̪é]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qɔ.ʔi.d̪ǽ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	qā'iḏa
Dari reading^?	qā'ida
Iranian reading^?	ğâ'ede
Tajik reading^?	qoʾida

Noun

قاعده • (qâ'ede)

rule

Related terms

قاعدگی (qâ'edegi)

Descendants

→ Bengali: কায়দা (kaẏoda)
→ Gujarati: કાયદો (kāyado)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: क़ायदा (qāydā)

Urdu: قاعِدَہ (qā'ida)
→ Kannada: ಕಾಯ್ದೆ (kāyde)
→ Kazakh: кәде (käde)
→ Marathi: कायदा (kāydā)
→ Odia: କାଇଦା (kaida)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਇਦਾ (kāidā)

Shahmukhi script: قاعِدہ (qā‘idh)
→ Sindhi:
Arabic script: قاعِدو

Devanagari script: क़ाइदो

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